基于多芯光纤的高精度三维姿态测量关键技术研究

项目名称： 基于多芯光纤的高精度三维姿态测量关键技术研究

项目编号： No.61775023

项目类型： 面上项目

立项/批准年度： 2018

项目学科： 无线电电子学、电信技术

项目作者： 尹国路

作者单位： 重庆大学

项目金额： 16万元

中文摘要： 三维姿态测量在微创手术器械的跟踪定位、飞行器疲劳损伤的形变预警、连续体机器人的运动轨迹控制等工程领域具有重要作用，其中跟踪定位精度、轨迹精确重构、实时监测能力是三维姿态测量的核心参数。光纤传感由于具有抗电磁干扰、易复用、测量快、灵敏度高等优点，非常适合于三维姿态测量，但目前光纤姿态测量技术的跟踪定位和轨迹重构精度还局限在厘米量级，远达不到微创医疗和智能结构监控等领域的要求。多芯光纤具有多维度、多参数分布式传感能力，可为轨迹矢量空间的建立提供保障。为此，结合项目组在多芯光纤器件制作和分布式光纤传感等技术方面的基础，本项目提出了基于多芯光纤瑞利背向散射的高精度、分布式三维姿态测量关键技术研究，拟通过光频域分析技术提高分布式参数测量的空间分辨率，建立从测量参数到三维姿态表征的反演模型，最终实现一种具有毫米重构精度的三维姿态测量技术。

中文关键词： 三维姿态测量；多芯光纤；分布式光纤传感；瑞利散射；激光后处理技术

英文摘要： Three-dimension (3D) shape sensing plays an important role in the fields of minimally-invasive surgical instruments tracking, aircraft fatigue damage early warning, and tethered-robot motion trace controlling. The positioning accuracy, precision track reconstruction, and the capacity of the real-time monitoring are the key parameters in 3D shape sensing. Fiber optical sensing offers a number of advantages over conventional sensors, including the absence of electromagnetic interference, multiplexing capability, fast response, and high sensitivity. Owing to these intrinsic characteristics, fiber optical sensing is particularly well suited for measuring 3D shape. However, the accuracy of the tip positioning and track reconstruction is still limited to the centimeter level, which is far less than the requirements of minimally invasive medical and intelligent structure monitoring. Multi-core fiber holds unique capacity of multiple dimension, multiple parameter, and distributed sensing, which can provide support for the establishment of track vector space. Therefore, linking the research background of the applicant and group in the fields of multi-core fiber devices and distributed sensing technology, this project aims to develop a high precision distributed 3D shape sensing technology based on multi-core fiber, improves the space resolution of the distributed sensing by employing the optical frequency domain reflectometry, realize the multiple parameter measurement at the same position by applying special multi-core fiber structures, and finally develop a high precision 3D shape sensing technology with a track reconstruction accuracy of millimeter by establishing a reverse model from the sensing parameters to the characterizing the 3D shape.

英文关键词： 3D shape sensing;Multi-core fiber;Optical fiber distributed sensing;Rayleigh backscattering;Laser post-processing technology