地震勘探资料盲处理新技术研究

项目名称： 地震勘探资料盲处理新技术研究

项目编号： No.40872090

项目类型： 面上项目

立项/批准年度： 2009

项目学科： 金属学与金属工艺

项目作者： 肖蕴诗

作者单位： 同济大学

项目金额： 42万元

中文摘要： 围绕地震数据处理相关新技术的发展，首先针对地震勘探正演模拟技术，研究射线追踪数值模拟技术，采用有限差分方法建立了模拟非线性因素的地震勘探模型。然后基于合理的地震模型，结合盲信号处理技术、分别针对地震子波盲辨识、地震盲反褶积、非线性地震模型辨识、地震数据降噪提出了相应的解决途径和技术路线。提出了非线性Volterra-Hammerstein IIR 地震模型，并给出了基于高阶统计方法及BBR公式的非线性模型辨识技术，验证了方法的有效性；基于机器学习理论，提出了基于单位超球面的地震数据盲反卷积方法；提出了单位超球面上的二元聚类技术用于地震子波提取，获得了准确的子波估计；对基于体绘制技术的海量地震数据可视化进行了初步探索。同时也针对随钻地震的关键技术，如地震数据降噪、随钻地震盲分离及源信号提取等这些直接相关延拓内容进行了探讨和研究，采用EMD（经验模态分解）和盲信号处理相结合来提取随钻地震的有效信号等技术。下一步将更深入探索和研究地震数据处理技术，取得更加实用的方法，应用于实际地震数据处理中。

中文关键词： 盲信号处理；非线性；正演；降噪；子波估计

英文摘要： Centering round the development of new technology in seismic data processing，Firstly for forward modeling technology of seismic exploration，The finite difference method and the ray tracing numerical simulation technology are used for the simulation of nonlinear factors. Then based on reasonable earthquake model, Combined with blind signal processing techniques, for the seismic wavelet blind identification, seismic blind deconvolution, nonlinear seismic model identification, seismic data noise reduction, the solution technology are proposed respectively. Model of the nonlinear seismic is presented, with higher order statistical methods and BBR formula the non-linear model identification technique is put forward to verify the validity of the method. Based on machine learning theory, the blind deconvolution of seismic data using the unit hypersphere is proposed. The unit hypersphere surface of the binary clustering technique is studied for the seismic wavelet and accurate wavelet estimation is obtained. A preliminary study on the volume rendering technology of large seismic data visualization is conducted. Also for the continuation technology of Seismic While Drilling, such as seismic data noise reduction, the drilling seismic blind source separation and signal extraction are explored and studied. EMD (empirical mode decomposition) combined with blind signal processing technology is utilized for extracting while drilling seismic signals. Next step will be more in-depth exploration and research of seismic data processing technology to obtain more practical approach for the actual seismic data processing.

英文关键词： blind signal processing; nonlinear;forward;noise reduction;wavelet estimation