氯虫苯甲酰胺对我国土壤跳虫种群的生态毒理效应和分子机制研究

项目名称： 氯虫苯甲酰胺对我国土壤跳虫种群的生态毒理效应和分子机制研究

项目编号： No.31501676

项目类型： 青年科学基金项目

立项/批准年度： 2016

项目学科： 农业科学

项目作者： 严海娟

作者单位： 江苏省农业科学院

项目金额： 21万元

中文摘要： 新型农药氯虫苯甲酰胺在我国投入使用时间较短，效果好且不直接杀伤非靶标动物。然而它对于土壤中非靶标动物的慢性毒理效应需要进一步研究。跳虫是国际上土壤生态毒理研究广泛应用的指示生物。本课题拟在室内进行白符跳和曲毛裸长角跳的农药毒理学试验，采用自然土壤法模拟农田施药环境，以这两种跳虫为对象，研究氯虫苯甲酰胺对跳虫种群以及土壤环境的毒性效应。采用室内急性处理和长期慢性暴露处理相结合的设计，研究农药对其行为、生存率、繁殖率等生物学指标的毒性效应；进一步测定农药长期低剂量暴露对跳虫重要生物标志物的影响；分析氯虫苯甲酰胺对跳虫DNA损伤和几种防御性蛋白基因表达水平的分子反应机制。本研究将为我国农田土壤环境评估提供指示生物与生物标志物参考，也为氯虫苯甲酰胺的土壤生态环境毒理学提供研究资料。

中文关键词： 氯虫苯甲酰胺；跳虫；生态毒理；生物标志物；分子机制

英文摘要： Toxicity of pesticides on soil fauna and environment has been highlighted worldwide in recent years. Chlorantraniliprole was introduced into China from 2008 as a novel pesticide and exhibits good efficacy in controlling pests on crops. It has negligible acute toxicity on nontarget animals, however, research should be taken to study how this pesticide affect them sublethally. Collembola and other soil fauna play an important role as decomposers of leaf litter and soil organic matter, and may give an earlier indication of ecosystym disturbance than predaceous soil animals. Collembola are also known as ideal test animals for ecotoxicological research. They have been used to study the effects of various environmental contaminants such as heavy metals and pesticides on animals. In this study, we try to study effects of chlorantraniliprole on some collembolan species (Folsomia candida and Sinella curviseta), including acute toxicity test, reproduction and sublethal toxicity test. The protocol of the standard ISO (1999) laboratory test will be followed. In addition, we will try to find changes in behavior, physiology and biochemistry on collembola. Some biomarkers, such as metabolic enzymes, defensive proteins and DNA damage will be detected, and molecular mechanism of these differences will be analyzed and discussed. Hopefully, several useful biomarkers could be found to indicate chronic toxicity of Chlorantraniliprole on soil animals and environment, which would be useful for soil ecotoxicology and environmental risk assessment.

英文关键词： Chlorantraniliprole;collembola;ecotoxicology;biomarker;molecular mechanism