根皮苷在苹果连作障碍中的作用机理研究

项目名称： 根皮苷在苹果连作障碍中的作用机理研究

项目编号： No.31501720

项目类型： 青年科学基金项目

立项/批准年度： 2016

项目学科： 农业科学

项目作者： 尹承苗

作者单位： 山东农业大学

项目金额： 20万元

中文摘要： 苹果连作障碍是一个世界性难题，严重制约了苹果产业的可持续发展。在已明确土壤酚酸类物质的积累是引起苹果连作障碍的原因之一基础上，通过碳化硅量子点标记法发现连作苹果树根系分泌的根皮苷显著促进了串珠镰孢菌的生长，但根皮苷促进串珠镰孢菌生长的作用机理尚不明确。本项目拟进一步以根皮苷和四种镰孢属病原真菌（尖孢、串珠、层出和腐皮）为试材，观察根皮苷对镰孢属病原真菌细胞超微结构的影响，测定镰孢属病原真菌细胞壁酶活性变化及其基因表达量，并借助同位素示踪技术、实时荧光定量技术以及双向电泳技术，寻找根皮苷在镰孢属病原真菌上的作用位点，明确根皮苷在苹果连作障碍中的作用机理。该研究可为老果园更新连作时采用多种措施降解根皮苷，进而控制土壤镰孢属病原真菌生长，综合防控苹果连作障碍提供理论指导。

中文关键词： 苹果；连作障碍；酚酸类物质；病原镰孢菌

英文摘要： Apple replant disease is a worldwide problem, and severely restricts the sustainable development of the apple industry. It is clear that the accumulation of phenolic acids in the soil is a cause of apple replant disease, and the increase of pathogenic Fusarium moniliforme fungi is closely related to the secretion of phlorizin by the method of labeling with SiC quantum dots, However, the mechanism of phlorizin promote the growth of Fusarium moniliforme is unclear. As a consequence, this project will further explore the relationship between the phlorizin and Fusarium oxysporum, Fusarium solani, Fusarium proliferatum, Fusarium moniliforme. The effect of phlorizin on the pathogenic Fusarium fungi cell ultrastructure, changes of pathogenic Fusarium fungi gene expression and enzyme activities of the cell wall of pathogenic Fusarium fungi were investigated by the isotopic tracing technique, real-time quantitative PCR, two-dimensional gel electrophoresis technology. Based on the abovementioned researches, the mechanism of phlorizin action in the apple replant disease will be revealed by scanning the main active site of phlorizin working in the pathogenic Fusarium fungi. Thus, a variety of technical measures on the basis of the theoretical finding will be applied to degrade the phlorizin in future, which could control the growth of pathogenic Fusarium fungi, The result will be helpful to guide to update old orchard and providing a comprehensive prevention and control of apple replant disease.

英文关键词： apple;apple replant disease;Phenolic acids;Pathogenic Fusarium fungi