褐煤生物液化高效复合菌群的构建及其协同机理研究

项目名称： 褐煤生物液化高效复合菌群的构建及其协同机理研究

项目编号： No.51504134

项目类型： 青年科学基金项目

立项/批准年度： 2016

项目学科： 矿业工程

项目作者： 石开仪

作者单位： 六盘水师范学院

项目金额： 21万元

中文摘要： 褐煤的微生物液化既可以克服传统利用中污染大、反应条件苛刻等缺点，又可以为褐煤的综合利用开发一条新的途径，是近几十年煤炭洁净利用领域的研究热点。然而，褐煤结构复杂，很难被单一菌株有效液化，所以液化效率低，限制其工业应用。本项目拟构建褐煤液化复合菌群并通过不同菌种间的协同作用来提高液化效率。首先，以贵州周边褐煤矿区环境和褐煤液化体系为研究对象，提取基因组总DNA后，通过不同引物分别对细菌、放线菌和真菌进行PCR扩增，随后电泳、回收特异性条带、导入载体克隆后构建系统发育树，鉴定出液化微生物，从而探索液化体系的微生物群落组成。其次，从中分离纯化出各种液化功能菌及辅助菌，通过菌种复配进行人工构建复合菌群，并对其煤液化特性进行优化。最后通过比较研究单一/复合微生物液化褐煤过程中酶活性、生物碱等变化来阐明复合菌群对褐煤协同液化机理，为煤炭的生物液化应用提供理论指导。

中文关键词： 褐煤；复合菌群；协同作用；生物液化

英文摘要： Bioliquefaction of lignite not only overcomes shortcomings on conditional utilization such as environmental pollution and harsh reaction conditions, but also breaks a new path on comprehensive utilization of lignite, which becomes one of the hot points on coal clean utilization in resent thirty years. However, complicated lignite structure causes hard to be liquefacted by single strain, resulting in low liquefaction ratio. Accordingly, this project focuses on enhance liquefaction ratio by synergistic effect in different strains in constructed multiple strains. Firstly, microorganism’s community composition in lignite mining area around Guizhou province and that in liquefaction system will be analysed by modern molecular biology ways, that is, total DNA of genome will be extracted and PCR amplification of bacteria, actinomyces and fungi by different primer, and then electrophoresis, cloning and phylogenetic tree construction. Subsequently, liquefaction functional strains and helper strains will be screened out, and then multiple strains will be constructed artificially strains double crossing method. At the end, lignite synergistic effect mechanism will be explained by comparison enzymes’ activities, biologic alkaline substances in single strains and multiple strains, which provides guidance on coal liquefaction application.

英文关键词： lignite;multiple strains;synergistic effect;bioliquefaction