生物炭与土壤粘粒矿物及其复合体的耦合效应

项目名称： 生物炭与土壤粘粒矿物及其复合体的耦合效应

项目编号： No.41301317

项目类型： 青年科学基金项目

立项/批准年度： 2014

项目学科： 天文学、地球科学

项目作者： 郑庆福

作者单位： 内蒙古民族大学

项目金额： 26万元

中文摘要： 将生物炭（Biochar）应用于土壤的研究，对于改善土壤肥力、保障粮食安全、提高土壤固碳增汇能力和减缓全球温室效应的意义重大。本项目以人们倍受关注的生物炭应用于土壤的研究为线索，拟利用农业废弃资源进行高温缺氧裂解的方式获得生物炭，应用比表面积孔径仪、红外、扫描电镜、元素分析仪等对生物炭界面结构进行检测，来探究其界面结构和性质特征；通过生物炭与土壤粘粒矿物和有机粘粒复合体进行培养试验，分析生物炭对粘粒矿物组成及其复合体中的碳稳定性的影响，探索生物炭在土壤中的转化途径，进而明确生物炭对土壤有机粘粒复合体中碳的平衡作用机理；通过生物炭对粘粒矿物和有机粘粒复合体的N、P元素竞争吸附和解吸等温平衡实验，探讨生物炭对土壤中N、P、K元素再分配的调控作用，进而明确生物炭对土壤粘粒矿物和有机粘粒复合体的耦合效应。以期为农业废弃资源合理利用，改良土壤和土壤固碳增汇提供理论基础和科学依据。

中文关键词： 生物炭；粘粒矿物；复合体；;耦合效应；

英文摘要： Researching on the application of Biochar on soil is significant to improve soil fertility, ensure food security, enhance soil carbon sequestration and slow down global warming. Based on the research - biochar being applied to soil, this project aims to create biochar by non-oxygen high temperature pyrolysis of agricultural waste resources, and use the specific surface area and pore size analyzer ,IR, TEM,the elements analyzer to inspect the biochar interface's structure and features. The culture experiments between biochar and soil caly , or organic caly complex, will show biochar's impact on crysta level structure of clay minerals and stability of organo-clay complex; indicate its transforming way in the soil; and illustrate its balance role on carbon in soil caly minerals and organic caly complex. The Isothermal method tests on biochar for the N and P elements competition absorption and desorption from soil caly minerals and organic caly complex will show biochar's regulation and control on N，P and K elements in soil, which will confirm biochar's coupling effect on soil caly minerals and organic caly complex. All of these aims to reasonably use the agricultural waste resources and to provide theoretical foundation and scientific proof on soil quality improvement and soil carbon sequestration.

英文关键词： Bichar；Clay minerals；Complexes；Coupling；