线性射流侵彻作用下岩石劈裂形态控制研究

项目名称： 线性射流侵彻作用下岩石劈裂形态控制研究

项目编号： No.51504129

项目类型： 青年科学基金项目

立项/批准年度： 2016

项目学科： 矿业工程

项目作者： 徐振洋

作者单位： 辽宁科技大学

项目金额： 20万元

中文摘要： 本项目针对露天爆破工程中大块岩（危）石的劈裂形态控制问题，对线性射流侵彻作用下岩石劈裂形态控制机理及试验进行研究。探讨岩石在线性聚能射流作用下，劈裂裂纹的演化过程，建立线性聚能装药结构与岩石劈裂形态之间影响关系的数学模型，最终实现对劈裂形态的控制。课题将劈裂裂纹扩展分为射流侵彻作用下的起裂与应力波作用下的扩展两部分，从劈裂裂纹起裂、扩展中的应力、应变能量特征角度，研究岩石劈裂裂纹的动态扩展特征与影响因素；结合岩石的累积损伤特性，以射流头部侵彻能视为劈裂裂纹扩展的主要动能来源，提出循环应力作用下，劈裂裂纹扩展的能量判据；基于球形碎块破碎模型，通过岩石在侵彻中的动力响应区形状变化特征，提出利用侵彻作用调整岩石内部应力波能量密度以及被激活缺陷的分布密度，实现对破碎碎块尺寸的控制，推导裂纹扩展的最终长度与分布状态，建立岩石劈裂形态与线性聚能装药结构及岩石性质的匹配公式。

中文关键词： 爆破；聚能；劈裂；形态控制

英文摘要： Based on the goal of efficiently and safely splitting huge rocks and dangerous stones , this project advance a new method of huge rocks splitting and explored the morphology controlled theory of splitting via using penetration of linear shaped charge.Rock splitting morphology controlling mechanism is studied to investigate the evolution process of crack propagation, mathematical model is set up on the relationship between the linear shaped charge structure and rock splitting morphology, finally realizes the control of the split morphology. The study will extend the splitting crack into two parts from the crack under the stress wave under the effect of the jet penetration, from splitting crack initiation, expansion of the stress, strain energy characteristic angle of Rock splitting crack dynamic expansion characteristics and influencing factors. Combined with the cumulative damage characteristics of rock, with jet head penetrationcan be considered major energy source of the crack propagation is proposed, under cyclic stress, splitting energy criterion for crack extension.Based on spherical fragments expansion broken model, can use penetration effect to adjust specimen internal stress wave energy density and distribution of activated defect density for control of the broken blocks.Through the dynamic response of rock shape variation in penetration of the region, derive final crack length the distribution, establish the rock fracturing morphology and linear Shaped Charge Structure matching formulas and petrophysical and mechanical properties.

英文关键词： Blasting;Shaped charge;Splitting;Shape Controlling