大豆幼胚培养再生基因的发掘与功能标记开发

项目名称： 大豆幼胚培养再生基因的发掘与功能标记开发

项目编号： No.31201231

项目类型： 青年科学基金项目

立项/批准年度： 2013

项目学科： 食品科学、农学基础与作物学

项目作者： 杨超

作者单位： 山东农业大学

项目金额： 23万元

中文摘要： 大豆起源于我国，是世界上主要的粮食和油料作物，但也是难再生和转化的作物，这影响了大豆转基因育种的进程，制约着我国大豆产业的发展。目前，人们主要从建立再生和转化体系的角度出发，着重研究了影响大豆再生能力的各种因素，而对其再生过程中的遗传机理研究却很少。基于分离群体的连锁分析和基于自然群体的关联分析具有明显的互补性，二者结合可以提高QTL定位的精度和广度；同时高密度大豆遗传图谱的构建和大豆基因组序列测定的完成，为在大豆全基因组水平上寻找目的基因提供了可能。本研究拟分别利用科丰重组自交家系群体(NJRIKY)和由200份大豆品种组成的自然群体，对大豆再生能力相关性状进行连锁作图分析和关联分析，综合分析发掘与大豆再生性状相关的等位位点或目的基因，开发相应的功能性标记，以期进一步弄清大豆体细胞胚胎发生再生体系的遗传机制，为建立高效、稳定的大豆再生、遗传转化体系和人工大豆种子的创造奠定理论基础。

中文关键词： 大豆；幼胚培养；再生能力；连锁分析；关联分析

英文摘要： Cultivated soybean [Glycine max (L.) Merr.] has its origin from wild soybean [Glycine soja Sieb. et Zucc.] in China and has been a major crop worldwide, which contributes significantly to the global economy as an important source of dietary oil and protein. However, soybean regeneration capacity remains relatively low in comparison with other crops, such that it is still recognized as one of the recalcitrant crops for genetic engineering. To date, research has focused on factors such as the media components, culture conditions and explants types to develop and optimize methods for plant regeneration and transformation. However, the genetic basis of tissue culture responses has not been investigated in detail. Conventional linkage mapping can be an effective tool for identifying genes underlying natural variation. However, the genes identified by this method are restricted to the ones segregating in the cross under consideration. Association mapping is emerging as a powerful method to rapidly identify genome locations, but it suffers from the limitation that it generates false positives due to population structure. To this end, it has been proposed that association mapping should be carried out in conjunction with genetic linkage analysis to detect relevant genes. Meanwhile, high density soybean linkage map and t

英文关键词： soybean；somatic embryo culture；tissue culture response；linkage mapping；association analysis