利用全基因组SNP关联分析发掘甘蓝型油菜氮高效等位基因

项目名称： 利用全基因组SNP关联分析发掘甘蓝型油菜氮高效等位基因

项目编号： No.31301360

项目类型： 青年科学基金项目

立项/批准年度： 2014

项目学科： 农业科学

项目作者： 李锋

作者单位： 中国农业科学院油料作物研究所

项目金额： 22万元

中文摘要： 氮是作物生长发育所必需的第一大矿质营养元素，油菜需氮量高，氮效率较低, 生产中氮肥消耗量大，培育氮高效新品种对提高产量、节约资源和减少环境污染等具有重要意义。分子设计育种是培育氮高效新品种的有效途径，明确氮高效的分子机制和掌握控制氮高效的关键等位基因是开展分子育种的前提和基础，然而，目前这方面的研究比较少。本项目前期已从8000份油菜中精选了600份多样性核心资源，用50k SNP芯片进行了全基因组精细扫描，建立了SNP数据库。本项目拟在前期SNP分析的基础上，对300份表型和基因型差异大的材料进行沙培实验，准确鉴定苗期氮效率，构建氮效率表型数据库。然后通过全基因组关联分析，获得氮高效的分子标记，再通过生物信息学分析，并结合模式植物氮效率研究基础，推测候选基因，解析油菜氮高效分子机制，期望为油菜的氮高效分子育种提供理论指导和分子标记或优异等位基因。

中文关键词： 氮效率；油菜；关联分析；数量性状位点；

英文摘要： Nitrogen (N) is the most important mineral nutrient for plant growth. Rapeseed is fond of nitrogen while with low N use efficiency (NUE), and a lot of N fertilizer is generally invested in rapeseed production, therefore, development rapeseed cultivars with high NUE contributes to high yield, resource conservation, and reducing environment pollution. Molecular design breeding is a available method for development cultivars with high NUE, and uncovering the molecular mechanism of NUE and identifying the key genes responsible for high NUE are precondition and foundation for molecular breeding, whilst, limited studies on this field have been conducted at present. In our previous study, we selected 600 lines with abundant genetic diversity from 8000 global rapeseed lines, and constructed the genotype data library through finely scanned their genomes using 50 k SNP chip. In this project, we are planning to utilize the results of SNP chip analysis and to further select 300 lines with abundant phenotypic and genetic diversity, followed by cultivation in pots filled with sand, accurate investigation of N efficiency and construction of phenotypic data library. Molecular markers responsible for high NUE are expected to be obtained by genome-wide association analysis. In the next step, integration of bioinformatics analysis

英文关键词： Nitrogen use efficiency；Rapeseed；Association analysis；QTL；