小RNA调控水稻－白叶枯病菌互作的分子机理研究

项目名称： 小RNA调控水稻－白叶枯病菌互作的分子机理研究

项目编号： No.31471757

项目类型： 面上项目

立项/批准年度： 2015

项目学科： 农业科学

项目作者： 王石平

作者单位： 华中农业大学

项目金额： 90万元

中文摘要： 由细菌引起的白叶枯病是水稻的重要病害之一。不断累积的资料显示小RNA参与调控各种生理活动，包括宿主和病原的互作。但是，目前尚无这类小分子调控水稻应对白叶枯病菌侵害的报道。我们初步研究发现，白叶枯病菌诱导水稻产生不同类型的小RNA，包括miRNA、siRNA和TE sRNA；水稻小RNA通过调控其靶基因的转录后沉默或转录水平沉默，或是促进水稻抗白叶枯病，或是抑制水稻抗白叶枯病；说明水稻来源的小RNA调控水稻和白叶枯病菌互作的机理似乎很复杂。本项目拟在我们初步研究的基础上，从这三类小RNA中选择有代表性的小RNA，深入研究小RNA调控水稻－白叶枯病菌互作的特点，揭示小RNA调控的靶基因在水稻应对病原侵害中的作用和其编码蛋白的生化功能。本项目的研究结果将有助于从不同视角认识植物－病原互作的分子机理，具有重要科学意义；同时也可能有助于开发依赖于小RNA的水稻抗性改良方法，为水稻改良提供新的途径。

中文关键词： 抗病机理；小RNA；白叶枯病；水稻－病原互作；基因沉默

英文摘要： Bacterial blight, which is caused by Xanthomonas oryzae pv. oryzae (Xoo), is one of the most devastating diseases of rice worldwide. Accumulating information indicates that small RNAs (sRNAs) are involved in the regulation of various physiological activities, including the interactions between host and pathogens. However, it is unknown whether sRNAs are also involved in the regulation of rice-Xoo interactions. Our preliminary data show that Xoo induces rice to produce different types of sRNAs, including microRNA (miRNA), small interfering RNA (siRNA), and transposible element sRNA (TE sRNA). Rice originated sRNAs can promoter rice resistance or increase rice susceptibility to Xoo by either post-transcriptional gene silencing or transcriptional gene silencing. In this project, we plan to investigate the roles of the representatives of the three types of sRNAs in rice responses to Xoo infection based on our preliminary data, and elucidate the roles of the genes targeted by the representative sRNAs and the biochemical functions of the proteins encoded by these genes in rice-Xoo interactions. This project will help to elucidate the molecular mechanisms of rice disease resistance against Xoo from a new aspect and it may also facilitate to formulate sRNA-based strategy for rice breeding programs.

英文关键词： mechanism of disease resistance;small RNA;bacterial blight;rice-pathogen interaction;gene silencing