无键相和压力信号条件下往复压缩机示功图故障特征提取方法研究

项目名称： 无键相和压力信号条件下往复压缩机示功图故障特征提取方法研究

项目编号： No.51505079

项目类型： 青年科学基金项目

立项/批准年度： 2016

项目学科： 机械、仪表工业

项目作者： 唐友福

作者单位： 东北石油大学

项目金额： 20万元

中文摘要： 示功图分析是往复压缩机状态评估与故障诊断的重要手段，目前直接通过测量键相和压力信号来提取示功图的方法无法保证设备安全性和可靠性的要求。利用表面振动信号与状态信息的相关性估计相位和压力信息，是一种间接提取示功图的有效途径。但是，对于往复压缩机多源冲击振动信号，表现出强烈的非平稳、非线性及非高斯等复杂特性，使状态信息的提取变得十分困难。本项目从冲击信号瞬时频率的本质内涵入手，以时频分析技术为手段，通过多个振动信号的特征融合，提出曲轴瞬时转速和瞬时相位的自适应估计方法，系统研究表面振动信号与缸内压力脉动的内在相关性，建立两者之间的非线性映射模型以重构压力信息，并进一步探索往复压缩机间接示功图故障特征规律，揭示传统振动分析方法无法表述的故障信息，以提高往复压缩机故障诊断的准确性。通过本项研究，可为往复机械的状态评估与故障诊断奠定理论基础，具有重要的学术研究意义和工程应用价值。

中文关键词： 示功图；多源冲击；特征提取；往复压缩机；故障诊断

英文摘要： Indicator diagram analysis is an important method about condition assessment and fault diagnosis for reciprocating compressor. Now the way of directly measuring key-phase and pressure signal cannot meet the requirements of machinery safety and reliability. Estimating the phase and pressure by the correlation of surface vibration signal and status information is an effective way to extract the indicator diagram indirectly. But the multi-source impact vibration signal of reciprocating compressor unit is characterized by strong non-stationarity, nonlinearity and non-Gaussian features, making it difficult to extract the status information. This project, from the essential connotation of shock signal instantaneous frequency, by means of time-frequency analysis technique, puts forward the adaptive estimation method of bent axle instantaneous speed and instantaneous phase through the feature fusion of multiple vibration signals; it systematically researches the inner correlation of surface vibration signal and in-cylinder pressure fluctuation, builds the nonlinear mapping model between the two to reconstruct the pressure information, and further explores the fault feature law of reciprocating compressor indirect indicator diagram, reveals the fault information that traditional vibration analysis method can't describe, in order to improve the accuracy of fault diagnosis for the reciprocating compressor unit. Those methods developed in this project could form a solid foundation for the condition assessment and fault diagnosis of reciprocating machinery, dynamic behaviour assessment of precise transmission chains.

英文关键词： Indicator diagram;multi-source impact;feature extraction;reciprocating compressor;fault diagnosis