变工况大型旋转机械多重故障耦合机理及早期微弱故障特征提取与诊断研究

项目名称： 变工况大型旋转机械多重故障耦合机理及早期微弱故障特征提取与诊断研究

项目编号： No.51475407

项目类型： 面上项目

立项/批准年度： 2015

项目学科： 机械、仪表工业

项目作者： 时培明

作者单位： 燕山大学

项目金额： 82万元

中文摘要： 在变工况条件下，大型旋转机械多重耦合故障振动信号在时域和频域中变得更加复杂，诊断难度加大。尤其是在早期故障阶段，故障特征信号微弱，同时受到噪声的影响，导致诊断变得更加困难。本项目以大型旋转机械齿轮-滚动轴承为研究对象，针对变工况条件下多重故障耦合及早期故障特征提取与诊断问题，通过理论分析、数值计算与实验相结合，揭示多重故障耦合机理及故障特征规律；研究强噪声背景下的机械故障早期微弱信号特征提取方法，尤其是多频微弱信号特征提取技术。探索将解析模态分解和经验模态分解相结合的高精度信号处理方法；研究多稳态随机共振去噪新方法，提出基于随机共振和AMD-EMD的微弱信号特征提取新方法；研究基于时频分析和非线性动力特征的故障诊断方法。最后进行实验研究和工程应用。项目研究成果将为有效解决大型旋转机械在多重故障耦合作用下的监测与诊断的准确性和可靠性问题提供新理论和新技术。

中文关键词： 大型旋转机械；故障诊断；特征提取；多重故障；变工况

英文摘要： Under variable working conditions, the multiple faults coupling vibration signal of large rotating machinery becomes more complex in the time domain and frequency domain. Diagnosis is difficult. Especially in the stage of early fault, fault characteristic signal is weak, and is affected by the noise, make the diagnosis more difficult. This project takes gear and rolling bearing of large rotating machinery as the object of study and focuses on the problems of multiple fault coupling and early weak fault feature extraction and fault diagnosis under variable condition. By virtue of combining theoretical investigation with numeric calculation and experimnets, multiple fault coupling mechanism and fault characteristics are investigated. The feature extraction method of early weak fault signal under strong noise background, especially the characteristics of multi frequency weak signal extraction technology, is studied. Combining the empirical mode decomposition method and the analytical modal decomposition method, the high precision signal processing method is studied. The new denoising method based on multi stable stochastic resonance is studied. The new method to extract features of weak signal based on stochastic resonance and AMD-EMD is proposed. The fault diagnosis method based on time-frequency analysis and nonlinear dynamic characteristics is proposed. Finally, the experimental research and application examples and promotion are carried out. the project provides new theory and technology to solve the problem of accuracy and reliability of monitoring and diagnosis in multiple fault large rotating machinery.

英文关键词： large rotating machinery;fault diagnosis;feature extraction;multiple faults;variable condition