基于双弹性支撑的复合式行星齿轮传动系统故障机理及其诊断方法研究

项目名称： 基于双弹性支撑的复合式行星齿轮传动系统故障机理及其诊断方法研究

项目编号： No.51475169

项目类型： 面上项目

立项/批准年度： 2015

项目学科： 机械、仪表工业

项目作者： 丁康

作者单位： 华南理工大学

项目金额： 85万元

中文摘要： 行星轮系+定轴轮系的多级复合式齿轮箱兼备两种传动方式的优点，被广泛应用到大型复杂机械设备的传动系统。在某些场合，机械传动系统的安装条件具有特殊的弹性基础和弹性支撑的双弹性特点，导致齿轮箱运行时输出轴天然地存在轴不对中现象。复杂的传动结构、特殊的安装条件以及恶劣的工作环境使得正常齿轮箱的振动响应存在严重的调制边频带和齿轮高阶啮合频率。当有故障时，平稳调制和冲击调制相互耦合。传统的齿轮箱故障诊断技术难解双弹性支撑多级复合式齿轮箱故障特征提取的难点。本项目拟采用有限元法和集中参数法建立双弹性支撑的多级复合式齿轮箱动力学模型，结合动力学分析和系统性的实验研究，深入分析故障产生及动态演化的机理；建立平稳与冲击耦合调制信号的数学模型，研究基于稀疏分解的耦合调制分离技术，提取故障特征；融合离散频谱校正技术和基于啮合频率的阶比跟踪分析方法，提高特征频率定位精度，构成一种全新的多级复合式齿轮箱故障诊断方法。

中文关键词： 双弹性支撑；行星齿轮箱；故障机理；诊断方法；特征提取

英文摘要： By combining the advantages of planetary gear and ordinary gear, multistage compound gearbox has been widely applied to large and complex machinery transmission system. In some situations, mechanical power transmission system may have special double-elastic characteristics for its elastic foundation and elastic support, which cause a natural phenomenon of axial misalignment in the output shaft of gearbox when working. Due to the complex transmission structure, special installation condition and poor working conditions, the vibration signals of the normal gearbox are mixed with serious modulation sidebands and gear mesh frequency and its high-order. When a fault occurs, the impact modulation caused by fault couples with the smooth modulation. For above special characteristic, the technology for traditional gearbox fault diagnosis fail to solve the difficulty of fault feature extraction in multistage compound gearbox based on double-elastic support.By finite element method(FEM) and lumped parameter method(LPM), the dynamics models of multistage compound gearbox based on the double-elastic support are established. The mechanism of fault generation and dynamic evolution in gearbox is analyzed deeply by combining the kinetic analysis and systemic experimental research. A mathematics coupling model, which contain impact modulation and smooth modulation, is established. In order to separate the impact modulation and smooth modulation and extract the characteristic frequencies of gearbox fault, a new signal separation method based on sparse decomposition is proposed. Moreover, to improve the extraction accuracy of fault characteristic frequency, discrete spectrum correction technology and order tracking analysis based on mesh frequency are utilized at the same time. The above researches will provide a new and targeted fault diagnosis method for multistage compound gearbox.

英文关键词： Double-elastic Support;Planetary Gearbox;Fault Mechanism;Diagnosis Method;Feature Extraction