高原湖滨河口湿地磷在"水-底质-植物"中的输移关键过程及截留效应定量评估研究

项目名称： 高原湖滨河口湿地磷在"水-底质-植物"中的输移关键过程及截留效应定量评估研究

项目编号： No.51279001

项目类型： 面上项目

立项/批准年度： 2013

项目学科： 水利工程

项目作者： 刘永

作者单位： 北京大学

项目金额： 82万元

中文摘要： 湖滨河口湿地是湖泊生态修复的重要组分，对其磷（P）截留效应的研究是目前国内外的热点；但存在2个方面的挑战：磷在湿地中的输移关键过程识别及底质"源-汇"机制；适宜的磷截留效应定量评估方法。本项目以云南高原湖泊洱海罗时江入湖河口湿地为典型对象，基于现场监测、室内模拟、同位素示踪及原位试验，揭示湿地的水文变异性及其对磷截留效应时空分异性的影响；重点研究磷在"水-底质-植物"中的输移、底质在干/湿条件下的地球生化动力学等2个关键过程，识别湿地磷截留的关键过程、驱动因子及底质的"源-汇"动力学机制；基于三维"水动力-水质-生态"模型平台，在合适的模型复杂性程度确定的基础上，开发精细化的水文模块以及"植被-磷"、"底质-水体"的营养动力学模拟模块，实现对磷截留效应的定量评估。本项目旨在通过典型研究，探索高原湖滨河口湿地磷的截留关键过程与驱动因素作用机制，为制定科学的湿地管理与设计对策提供支持。

中文关键词： 湖滨河口湿地；磷；截留；模型；定量评估

英文摘要： The awareness of lake eutrophication and aquatic ecological degradation worldwide has grown over the last decades. The need for reducing anthropogenic nutrient inputs, especially phosphorus (P), to aquatic ecosystems to restore aquatic ecosystem health has therefore been widely recognized. Lake riparian wetland is viewed as an important component of lake ecological restoration. Its phosphorus retention effect is currently a hot research topic around world. However, there are three challenges when quantitatively measuring the retention effect, including (a) the hydrological variability of the riparian wetland; (b) identification of the key process of phosphorus transporting in the wetland and the source-sink mechanism of sediment; and (c) appropriate quantitative evaluation method of phosphorus retention effect. The Luoshijiang riparian wetland of Lake Erhai, a plateau lake in Yunnan province, southwestern China, is taken as a case study. Temporal and spatial variability of phosphorus retention effect were revealed based on the field monitoring, lab experiments, isotopic tracer and in situ test. Two key biogeochemical processes in the wetland will be focused, including (a) phosphorus transporting in water, sediment and plant; and (b) biochemical kinetic mechanism of sediment under wet or dry conditions. The key p

英文关键词： Lake riparian wetland；Phosphorus；Retention；Modeling；Quantification