项目名称: CRL4泛素化酶在染色质重塑和DNA同源重组修复过程中的功能研究
项目编号: No.31471276
项目类型: 面上项目
立项/批准年度: 2015
项目学科: 生物科学
项目作者: 刘聪
作者单位: 四川大学
项目金额: 85万元
中文摘要: CRL4(CUL4-DDB1)是参与DNA复制,损伤修复和染色质重塑等重要生物学过程的E3泛素连接酶,也是着色性干皮病等恶性肿瘤的易感因子。我们最近通过酵母遗传学发现CRL4参与染色质组蛋白泛素化的调控过程,由此激活DNA双链断裂位点5'-3'方向的长距离回切过程。因此CRL4对DSB同源重组修复所必须的单链DNA中间体是必须的表观遗传学的调控因子;在人类细胞中CRL4功能高度保守,并且与乳腺癌基因BRCA1介导的DSB信号传导通路密切相关,提示CRL4泛素化功能可能是潜在的抑癌因素。本研究将以CRL4泛素酶通路的沉默细胞系和人类肿瘤标本作为研究系统,利用突变体遗传学、分子细胞生物学以及基因或蛋白组学进一步阐明CRL4泛素连接酶调控同源重组和信号传导的分子机制,解析其功能失调导致基因组不稳定性和肿瘤发生的分子机理。本项目的成果将为开发新的肿瘤治疗靶点手段提供新的思路。
中文关键词: DNA修复;同源重组;泛素化;染色质重塑
英文摘要: Homologous recombination pathways are important for repairing potentially lethal DNA double strand breaks (DSBs). Chromosomal DSBs are resected by 5'-nucleases to form ssDNA substrates, which is catalysed by Mre11-Rad50-Nbs1 (MRN), Ctp1, Exo1 and Rqh1-DNA2 nucleases. ssDNA is generated in the context of chromatin, but how the processing enzymes navigate through nucleosome-packaged DNA is poorly understood. Here we show that CRL4 ubiquitin ligase, is recruited to DSB ends coincident with the progression of resection and directly involved in DSB response. Loss of CRL4 impairs end resection and renders cells hypersensitive to genotoxic treatments. Intriguingly, CRL4 also participates in regulting BRCA1 (breast cancer gene) and mono-ubiquitination of histone H2B after DSB induction, and thus inhibits DSB repair. Taken together, our findings reveal a chomatin-based regulatory cascade for eliminating chromatin barrier for end resection, homologous recombination and genome stability.
英文关键词: DNA repair;homologous recombination;ubiquitin;chromatin remodeling