土壤锑砷复合污染对微生物的生态效应及分子机制

项目名称： 土壤锑砷复合污染对微生物的生态效应及分子机制

项目编号： No.21477008

项目类型： 面上项目

立项/批准年度： 2015

项目学科： 化学工业

项目作者： 何孟常

作者单位： 北京师范大学

项目金额： 90万元

中文摘要： 锑已经成为全球性（global）、新型（emerging）污染物。中国是世界主要锑生产国，其储量和产量均为世界之最，环境中锑污染事故频发。本项目以我国典型锑矿区为研究案例，针对突出的土壤锑及伴生性砷等复合污染问题，通过现场调查分析和室内模拟实验，结合宏基因组学/高通量测试等现代科学技术手段和方法，重点研究锑及锑砷复合污染对土壤微生物量、群落结构特征及功能基因的影响、对土壤微生物酶活性和生化过程影响及分子机制，建立锑及锑砷复合污染与土壤微生物量、酶活性、生物化学等参数之间的定性和定量关系，试图推导锑及锑砷复合污染土壤微生物无可见效应浓度（NOEC）和最低可见效应浓度（LOEC），筛选敏感性指示微生物和指标。为锑及锑砷复合污染土壤风险评价、生态效应阈值和土壤基准的建立提供基础数据，对土壤锑污染防治和修复具有指导意义。

中文关键词： 重金属离子；生物有效性

英文摘要： Antimony has become a global and emerging contaminants. China is the world's leading producer of antimony, its reserves and production are the highest in the world. Environmental accidents for antimony pollution occurred frequently in China. This project focus on the ecological effects of the soil antimony pollution, and the combined antimony - arsenic pollution in a typical antimony mine area. Through field investigation and laboratory analysis of simulation experiments,and combining metagenomics / high-throughput sequencing technology and methods,the aims of this study are: (1) to study the effect of the soil antiomny pollution, and combined antimony and arsenic pollution on the soil microbial biomass, community structure and function genes characteristic; (2) to study the effect of antimony, and combined antimony-arsenic pollution on the soil microbial enzyme activity, biochemical processes and molecular mechanisms; (3) to try to establish qualitative and quantitative relationship between antimony or combined antimony - arsenic pollution and soil microbial biomass, enzyme activity, biochemical parameters and (4) to derive the non observed effect concentration (NOEC) and the low observed effect concentration (LOEC ) for antimony, and combined antimony-arsenic pollution to soil microorganism,and to screen sensitive microorganisms and indicators. This study can provide basic data for the risk assessment, for the establishment of ecological effects thresholds and soil criteria, and provide guidance for pollution prevention and remediation of soil antimony pollution.

英文关键词： Heavy metal;Bioavailability