城市大气气溶胶中抗生素抗性基因与微生物种群研究

项目名称： 城市大气气溶胶中抗生素抗性基因与微生物种群研究

项目编号： No.21507170

项目类型： 青年科学基金项目

立项/批准年度： 2016

项目学科： 化学工业

项目作者： 杨颖

作者单位： 中山大学

项目金额： 21万元

中文摘要： 新型环境污染物抗生素抗性基因在环境中的传播会对公共健康和生态环境造成巨大影响，是环境污染物研究的重大热点问题之一，但现今关于抗生素抗性基因通过大气传输在环境中传播的研究较少。本项目以城市大气气溶胶中抗生素抗性基因为主要研究对象，利用以高通量测序为基础的宏基因组分析，揭示城市大气气溶胶中抗生素抗性基因的丰度、组成及可能的来源。同时研究大气环境因子与大气气溶胶中微生物种群结构的关系，考查影响大气气溶胶中抗生素抗性基因构成的因素；确定大气气溶胶中抗生素抗性基因与可移动基因元件的关联，评估大气气溶胶中抗生素抗性基因进行水平基因转移的可能性及风险；研究大气气溶胶中抗生素耐药性致病菌的浓度及其携带的抗生素抗性基因，评估大气气溶胶中抗生素抗性基因对公共健康的威胁。对大气气溶胶中抗生素抗性基因的研究可加强对环境中抗生素抗性基因传播途径的了解，为监测及控制抗生素抗性基因在环境中的传播提供重要基础数据。

中文关键词： 气溶胶；抗生素抗性基因；微生物种群；宏基因组学

英文摘要： The spread of antibiotic resistance genes (ARGs) has significant impacts on public health and ecological environment, which is one of the hotspots in environmental pollution issues. However, there are few studies on the spread of ARGs through atmospheric transmission. The present study aims to characterize the occurrence and abundance of ARGs in urban aerosol and identify the possible sources through metagenomic approach. The change of microbial communities and environmental factors in aerosol would be documented and used to study their influences on ARGs in aerosol. Besides, the correlation between ARGs and mobile genetic elements would be studied based on their abundance, composition and gene arrangement in order to evaluate the potential of horizontal gene transfer of ARGs in aerosol. Furthermore, potential pathogens in urban aerosol would be isolated. The antibiotic resistance profiles of the isolated pathogens and the ARGs carried by them would be tested to explain the potential health risk caused by the antibiotic resistant pathogens. The comprehensive understanding of ARGs in aerosol helps to better monitor and control the spread of ARGs in natural environment.

英文关键词： aerosol;antibiotic resistance genes;microbial communities;metagenomics