项目名称: 通过瘤胃微生物宏基因组学特征分析揭示牦牛较黄牛适应高寒逆境的低甲烷排放机理
项目编号: No.31500101
项目类型: 青年科学基金项目
立项/批准年度: 2016
项目学科: 生物科学
项目作者: 黄小丹
作者单位: 兰州大学
项目金额: 20万元
中文摘要: 牦牛作为青藏高原生态系统中的关键物种,在长期的进化过程中形成了节氮和低碳的生存策略,以适应高原恶劣的生态环境。前期的研究发现牦牛瘤胃中驻存大量的未知甲烷菌群(TALC),这有可能是导致其低甲烷排放的主因。因此,本研究拟通过体外发酵,高通量测序等研究方法,探索同等日粮条件下牦牛与黄牛相比瘤胃微生物的种群结构差异,及其与甲烷排放量和挥发性脂肪酸的相关性;以探求参与牦牛瘤胃甲烷生成的优势未知TALC甲烷菌群特征,进而构建其分离、培养、提纯及鉴定技术系统,结合全基因组测序分析技术,探索TALC的代谢途径及牦牛低甲烷排放的分子机制,为最终有效调控牦牛以及其他反刍畜种甲烷排放提供科学依据。
中文关键词: 瘤胃微生物;宏基因组学;牦牛;甲烷;新型甲烷菌
英文摘要: Yak, as the key species in the Qinghai-Tibet Plateau ecosystem, has formed anitrogen saved and low carbon survival strategies in order to adapt to the harsh environment during the co-evolution. The yak rumen methanogens especially unknown methanogens (TALC) might contribute to its low methane emission. Therefore, pyrosequencing analysis and in vitro gas production method are utilized to explore the rumen microbial community of yak and cattle in Qinghai Tibetan Pleateau, expecially Unknown TALC methanogens characteristics; and also to reveal the correlation between their microbial community profile and the volatile fatty acids & methane production. Two or three TALC methanogens will be isolated and the metagenomic analysis are conducted. Thus The metabolic pathways of TALC were analyzed to provide a scientific basis for ruminant methane emissions.
英文关键词: Rumen microbe;Metagenomic;Yak;Methane;Methanogen TALC