3S控释技术过渡和放大的机理

项目名称： 3S控释技术过渡和放大的机理

项目编号： No.30871594

项目类型： 面上项目

立项/批准年度： 2009

项目学科： 金属学与金属工艺

项目作者： 樊小林

作者单位： 华南农业大学

项目金额： 30万元

中文摘要： 开展了实验室、中试和商业规模，即3S规模控释技术的差异及其机理的研究；比较了无溶剂原位表面反应底侧喷旋流流化包衣控释技术3S工艺参数的差异及其对控释肥肥效期的影响。分别探讨了3S规模下制造的同一Longevity异质同核、同质异核CRF的技术参数差异的原因。分别从控释肥料包膜完整性、结构等方面的研究证明，核芯肥料表面结构明显影响包膜肥的控释性能，采用密封辅助控释技术可明显改善核芯肥料的表面结构和特性，在等量膜材下，肥效期可延长 1 个多月；在等肥效期下，可减少10%～20% 的膜材用量，明显降低控释肥生产成本。包膜层显微结构结果表明，核芯肥料表面不平整时，包膜的厚度不均匀，控释性能就不好。核芯肥料表面平整时包膜层的厚度基本一致，养分释放的速度基本恒定。相反，包膜层厚度不一致时，包膜薄的部位释放养分就快，养分控释性能差。在控释养分释放规律和释放曲线研究的基础上，建快速、简便、准确的缓控释肥料肥效期快速检测折光率、电导率法，可分别用于测定控释尿素和控释复合肥的释放量和肥效期。在研期间发表论文7篇，完成硕士毕业论文8篇，申请专利2项，获教育部科技进步一等奖1项，建立国家行业标准1项。

中文关键词： 三规模;控释技术参数;表面结构;控释性能

英文摘要： The experiments were carried out to study the difference of the lab scale (LS), pilot scale (PL) and commercial scale (CS) techniques (three scals, 3S) and mechanism of their differences, and compare the 3S technology parameter difference of surface reaction in situ and the bottom side of swirl flute bed and its impact on controlled-release fertilizer longevity, then respectively discussed technology parameter difference reason among the same substrate fertilizers coated with different coating materials, among the different substrate fertilizers coated with the same coating material on 3S techniques. The studies on coating integrity, structure and other aspects of controlled-release fertilizer showed that the surface structure of kernel fertilizers significantly affected CRF longevities. The auxiliary release technology with sealant can significantly improve the surface structure and characteristics of the substrate fertilizers. The longevity may be extended to more than 1 month in the same amount of coating materials. The auxiliary release technology with sealant could reduced amount of coating materials by 10% to 20%, then significantly reduce the cost of controlled-release fertilizer production. The results of film microscopic structure showed the film thickness was uneven and controlled release characteristics were not good when the surfaces of substrate fertilizer were not smooth. The film thickness was basically the same and nutrient release rate was almost constant when the surface of substrat fertilizers was smooth. On the contrary, coating layer thickness is inconsistent, nutrient release rate was fast. Thus the controlled release characteristics were bad. Based on the study of the nutrient release pattern and release curve, fast, simple and accurate methods to determine longevity and release rat of CRFs were established. The methods were refractive index method and conductivity method. The methods could be determine the longevity and release rat of CPU and controlled release compound fertilizers based on urea. During the research, 7 papers were published and 8 master's thesis was completed. 2 patents were applied. The Ministry of Education Science and Technology Progress Award was obtained. A national industry standard was established.

英文关键词： lab scale (LS); pilot scale (PL) and commercial scale; parameters of controlled technology;surface structure;properties of controlled release