原位制备量子点/石墨烯复合物及其生物传感研究

项目名称： 原位制备量子点/石墨烯复合物及其生物传感研究

项目编号： No.21075054

项目类型： 面上项目

立项/批准年度： 2011

项目学科： 生物科学

项目作者： 王坤

作者单位： 江苏大学

项目金额： 12万元

中文摘要： 以改进的Hummers法合成的氧化石墨为反应平台，原位制备了一系列纳米晶/石墨烯复合物（包括CdS/石墨烯、TiO2/石墨烯、CuS/石墨烯、CdCO3/石墨烯等），并通过各种测试手段对其谱学和物性参数进行了表征。以制备的石墨烯基纳米复合物作为固定化平台，葡萄糖氧化酶作为模型酶，研究了氧化还原蛋白酶在修饰电极表面的直接电化学行为，结果证实石墨烯基复合物中两组分间存在协同作用，并进一步研制了新型的葡萄糖生物传感器；以农药西维因作为模型化合物，将石墨烯基复合物应用于乙酰胆碱酯酶（AChE）的固定化，基于有机磷农药对AChE的抑制作用，成功构建了用于有机磷农药检测的传感平台；电化学发光和光电化学行为表明石墨烯基复合物中石墨烯的引入可有效地加速电子传递，增强电化学发光信号和光电流响应，进一步达到对分析物的灵敏检测，为石墨烯基复合物在生物传感领域的应用提供了理论指导和实验基础。

中文关键词： 石墨烯；纳米晶；复合物；原位制备；生物传感器

英文摘要： Using graphite oxide (prepared by the modified Hummers'method) as the starting material, a series of nanocrystals/graphene composites were achieved successfully via in-situ preparation, such as CdS/graphene, TiO2/graphene, CuS/graphene, CdCO3/graphene and etc., and further the as-prepared nanocomposites were characterized by FT-IR, UV-vis, SEM, Raman and so on. Selecting graphene-based nanocomposites as novel immobilization matrix and glucose oxidase as model enzyme, the direct electrochemistry of redox protein was investigated on the surface of the modified electrode, and the synergetic effect between the graphene and semiconductor materials was proved for the first time, base on the results above, a novel platform for glucose detection was further constructed. Based on the inhibition of organophosphorous pesticides (OPs) on the immobilized acetylcholinesterase activity, and using graphene-based nanocomposites as the immobilization platform, a sensitive sensor for rapid detection of OPs was proposed. Moreover, the electrochemiluminescent (ECL) and photoelectrochemical behavior of the graphene-based nanocomposites were investigated, which indicate that the presence of graphene in the nanocomposites could facilitate the electron transfer process, and thus enhanced the ECL intensity or photoelectrochemical response effectively, and based on these, methods for sensitive detection of substance were proposed, which provide an important theoretical guiding and experimental foundation for graphene-based nanocomposites in the potential application of biosensing field.

英文关键词： Graphene; Nanocrystals; Composites; In-situ preparation; Biosensor