Passengers (drivers) of level 3-5 autonomous personal mobility vehicles (APMV) and cars can perform non-driving tasks, such as reading books and smartphones, while driving. It has been pointed out that such activities may increase motion sickness. Many studies have been conducted to build countermeasures, of which various computational motion sickness models have been developed. Many of these are based on subjective vertical conflict (SVC) theory, which describes vertical changes in direction sensed by human sensory organs vs. those expected by the central nervous system. Such models are expected to be applied to autonomous driving scenarios. However, no current computational model can integrate visual vertical information with vestibular sensations. We proposed a 6 DoF SVC-VV model which add a visually perceived vertical block into a conventional six-degrees-of-freedom SVC model to predict VV directions from image data simulating the visual input of a human. Hence, a simple image-based VV estimation method is proposed. As the validation of the proposed model, this paper focuses on describing the fact that the motion sickness increases as a passenger reads a book while using an AMPV, assuming that visual vertical (VV) plays an important role. In the static experiment, it is demonstrated that the estimated VV by the proposed method accurately described the gravitational acceleration direction with a low mean absolute deviation. In addition, the results of the driving experiment using an APMV demonstrated that the proposed 6 DoF SVC-VV model could describe that the increased motion sickness experienced when the VV and gravitational acceleration directions were different.
翻译:3-5级自主个人机动车辆(APVV)和汽车的乘客(驾驶员)可驾驶3-5级自动机动车辆(APVV)和汽车进行非驾驶性任务,例如阅读书籍和智能手机,但注意到这类活动可能会增加运动疾病,指出这类活动可能会增加运动性疾病;已进行许多研究,以建立对策,已开发出各种计算运动疾病模型,其中许多是基于主观垂直冲突(SVC)理论,该理论描述了人类感官器官与中枢神经系统预期的方向垂直变化;这些模型预计将应用于自主驾驶方案;然而,目前没有一种计算模型能够将视觉性垂直信息与背心加速运动感融合起来。我们建议采用6度自由的视觉垂直区块模型,将视觉性垂直区加进常规六度SVC模型,从模拟人类视觉输入的图像数据中预测VVV方向。因此,提出一个简单的基于图像的VVV模型估计方法。作为对拟议模型的验证,本文的重点是说明,运动性疾病增加为阅读者阅读一本书籍,同时使用低度加速度的AVV,假设一个重要的直观性实验方法。