Informed consent is a core cornerstone of ethics in human subject research. Through the informed consent process, participants learn about the study procedure, benefits, risks, and more to make an informed decision. However, recent studies showed that current practices might lead to uninformed decisions and expose participants to unknown risks, especially in online studies. Without the researcher's presence and guidance, online participants must read a lengthy form on their own with no answers to their questions. In this paper, we examined the role of an AI-powered chatbot in improving informed consent online. By comparing the chatbot with form-based interaction, we found the chatbot improved consent form reading, promoted participants' feelings of agency, and closed the power gap between the participant and the researcher. Our exploratory analysis further revealed the altered power dynamic might eventually benefit study response quality. We discussed design implications for creating AI-powered chatbots to offer effective informed consent in broader settings.
翻译：知情同意是人类主题研究中伦理学的核心基石。通过知情同意进程,参与者了解研究程序、利益、风险以及更多的知情决定。然而,最近的研究表明,当前的做法可能导致不知情的决定,使参与者面临未知的风险,特别是在在线研究中。没有研究人员的出席和指导,在线参与者必须自己阅读长篇表格,而不能回答他们的问题。在这份文件中,我们研究了由AI驱动的聊天机在改进网上知情同意方面的作用。通过将聊天机与基于形式的互动进行比较,我们发现聊天机改进了同意书的阅读方式,提升了参与者对机构的感情,并缩小了参与者和研究人员之间的权力差距。我们的探索性分析进一步揭示了改变的权力动态最终可能有益于研究反应质量。我们讨论了创建AI驱动的聊天机在更广泛的环境中提供有效知情同意的设计影响。
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