We construct bootstrap confidence intervals for a monotone regression function. It has been shown that the ordinary nonparametric bootstrap, based on the nonparametric least squares estimator (LSE) $\hat f_n$ is inconsistent in this situation. We show, however, that a consistent bootstrap can be based on the smoothed $\hat f_n$, to be called the SLSE (Smoothed Least Squares Estimator). The asymptotic pointwise distribution of the SLSE is derived. The confidence intervals, based on the smoothed bootstrap, are compared to intervals based on the (not necessarily monotone) Nadaraya Watson estimator and the effect of Studentization is investigated. We also give a method for automatic bandwidth choice, correcting work in Sen and Xu (2015). The procedure is illustrated using a well known dataset related to climate change.
翻译:我们构建了单调回归函数的自助法置信区间。已经证明,在这种情况下,基于非参数最小二乘估计量(LSE)$\hat f_n$的普通非参数自助法是不一致的。然而,我们表明,一种一致的置信区间自助法可以基于平滑的 $\hat f_n$,称为平滑最小二乘估计量(SLSE)。导出了SLSE的渐近点态分布。将基于平滑自助法的置信区间与基于(不一定单调的) Nadaraya Watson 估计量的区间进行比较,并研究了学生化效应。我们还提供了一种自动带宽选择方法,修正了 Sen 和 Xu(2015)的工作。该程序使用与气候变化相关的众所周知的数据集进行说明。