The necessity to deal with uncertain data is a major challenge in decision making. Robust optimization emerged as one of the predominant paradigms to produce solutions that hedge against uncertainty. In order to obtain an even more realistic description of the underlying problem where the decision maker can react to newly disclosed information, multistage models can be used. However, due to their computational difficulty, multistage problems beyond two stages have received less attention and are often only addressed using approximation rather than optimization schemes. Even less attention is paid to the consideration of decision-dependent uncertainty in a multistage setting. We explore multistage robust optimization via quantified linear programs, which are linear programs with ordered variables that are either existentially or universally quantified. Building upon a (mostly) discrete setting where the uncertain parameters -- the universally quantified variables -- are only restricted by their bounds, we present an augmented version that allows stating the discrete uncertainty set via a linear constraint system that also can be affected by decision variables. We present a general search-based solution approach and introduce our solver Yasol that is able to deal with multistage robust linear discrete optimization problems, with final mixed-integer recourse actions and a discrete uncertainty set, which even can be decision-dependent. In doing so, we provide a convenient model-and-run approach, that can serve as baseline for computational experiments in the field of multistage robust optimization, providing optimal solutions for problems with an arbitrary number of decision stages.
翻译:处理不确定数据的必要性是决策过程中的一大挑战。强力优化作为主要范例之一出现,以产生避免不确定性的解决方案。为了更现实地描述决策者能够对新披露的信息作出反应的根本问题,可以使用多阶段模型。然而,由于计算困难,两个阶段以上的多阶段问题没有受到足够重视,而且往往仅使用近似而非优化办法加以解决。在多阶段环境下,我们更不注意考虑依赖决定的不确定性。我们探索通过量化的线性程序多阶段强力优化,这种程序是线性程序,有固定变量存在或普遍量化的线性方案。在(最主要是)不固定的环境下,决策者可以对新披露的参数 -- -- 普遍量化变量 -- -- 仅受其界限的限制,我们提出了一个扩大版本,允许通过直线性制约系统来说明离散的不确定性,这种系统也可能受到决定变量的影响。我们提出了一个一般的基于搜索的解决办法,并引入我们的Yasol软件解决方案,能够处理多阶段稳健的线性离散优化问题,最后混合的追索行动是或普遍量化的。在一个不固定的模型基础上的模型中,为我们提供了一个不固定的模型,可以提供一个不固定的实地的模型。