Stochastic games combine controllable and adversarial non-determinism with stochastic behavior and are a common tool in control, verification and synthesis of reactive systems facing uncertainty. In this paper, we study turn-based stochastic two-player games on graphs where the winning condition is to satisfy at least one reachability or safety objective from a given set of alternatives with at least some desired probability. These objectives are also known as disjunctive queries (DQs). We present a fine-grained overview of strategy and computational complexity and provide new lower and upper bounds for several variants of the problem. These results extend the previous literature on DQs significantly. We also propose a novel value iteration-style algorithm for approximating the set of Pareto optimal thresholds for a given DQ.
翻译:存储游戏将可控性和对抗性非确定性与随机性行为结合起来,是控制、核查和合成面临不确定性的被动系统的共同工具。在本文中,我们研究了在图表中基于转手的随机双玩游戏,在图表中,胜选的条件是至少达到一组特定替代物的至少一种可达性或安全目标,至少有某种预期概率。这些目标也被称为脱钩查询(DQs)。我们对策略和计算复杂性作了细微的概览,为问题的若干变异提供了新的下限和上限。这些结果大大扩展了以前关于DQs的文献。我们还提出了一种新颖的价值迭代式算法,用于对给定的 DQ 设定帕雷托最佳阈值。