IoT data markets in public and private institutions have become increasingly relevant in recent years because of their potential to improve data availability and unlock new business models. However, exchanging data in markets bears considerable challenges related to disclosing sensitive information. Despite considerable research focused on different aspects of privacy-enhancing data markets for the IoT, none of the solutions proposed so far seems to find a practical adoption. Thus, this study aims to organize the state-of-the-art solutions, analyze and scope the technologies that have been suggested in this context, and structure the remaining challenges to determine areas where future research is required. To accomplish this goal, we conducted a systematic literature review on privacy enhancement in data markets for the IoT, covering 50 publications dated up to July 2020, and provided updates with 24 publications dated up to May 2022. Our results indicate that most research in this area has emerged only recently, and no IoT data market architecture has established itself as canonical. Existing solutions frequently lack the required combination of anonymization and secure computation technologies. Furthermore, there is no consensus on the appropriate use of blockchain technology for IoT data markets and a low degree of leveraging existing libraries or reusing generic data market architectures. We also identified significant challenges remaining, such as the copy problem and the recursive enforcement problem that-while solutions have been suggested to some extent-are often not sufficiently addressed in proposed designs. We conclude that privacy-enhancing technologies need further improvements to positively impact data markets so that, ultimately, the value of data is preserved through data scarcity and users' privacy and businesses-critical information are protected.
翻译:近年来,公共和私营机构IT数据市场由于有可能改善数据提供情况并打开新的商业模式,其相关性近年来日益增强。然而,市场交换数据在披露敏感信息方面面临着相当大的挑战。尽管大量研究侧重于互联网加强隐私数据市场的不同方面,但迄今提出的解决方案似乎都没有找到实际采用。因此,本研究报告旨在组织最先进的解决方案,分析并推广在这方面提出的技术,并构建其余挑战,以确定今后需要研究的领域。为实现这一目标,我们进行了系统文献审查,以了解互联网用户数据市场的隐私增强情况,涵盖截至2020年7月的50份出版物,并提供了截至2022年5月的24份出版物的最新情况。我们的结果显示,该领域的大多数研究最近才出现,互联网数据市场架构没有建立起来。现有解决方案往往缺乏拟议的匿名和安全计算技术的必要组合。此外,对于互联网数据市场是否适当使用链技术,没有形成共识。我们发现,在互联网数据市场中如何妥善使用供应链技术,而且数据结构的低度也往往导致现有数据升级问题。我们发现,通过持续使用通用数据结构来解决。