In the shipping digitalisation process, the peak will be reached with the advent of a wholly autonomous and at the same time safe and reliable ship. Full autonomy could be obtained by two linked Artificial-Intelligence systems representing the ship navigator and the ship engineer that possess sensing and analysis skills, situational awareness, planning, and control capabilities. Many efforts have been made in developing onboard systems; however, the shore facilities are not ready yet to deal with these new technologies. The paper aims to present the innovative technologies and methodologies needed to develop a futuristic Vessel Traffic System. The proposed systems will aim at faultless data acquisition and processing, provide input to decision-making systems, and suggest evasive manoeuvre; to deal with hazards and systems failure without human intervention onboard. The system is composed of three different and interacting layers. The first is an artificially intelligent tool to detect and control autonomous ships, thanks to situation recognition and obstacle avoidance strategies. The second is an orchestration and management platform designed to coordinate the sensing-actuation infrastructure and the AI algorithms results made available by multiple ships, mustering edge, and distributed computing techniques to fulfil the specific harsh requirements of the sea environment. The final part is a holistic guidance-navigation-control framework to manage autonomous ships navigation in a crowded area. Eventually, a cyber-physical scenario, using both a ship digital-twin and a real model-scale ship, is suggested to test and validate the innovative system without the availability of a full-scale scenario.
翻译:在航运数字化过程中,随着一个完全自主的、同时安全可靠的船舶的出现,将达到峰值; 代表船舶领航人和拥有感化和分析技能、情景意识、规划和控制能力的船舶工程师的两个相互关联的人工智能系统可以实现完全自主; 在开发船上系统方面已作出许多努力; 然而,岸上设施尚未准备好处理这些新技术; 该文件的目的是介绍开发未来船舶供应系统所需的创新技术和方法; 拟议的系统将着眼于无误获取和处理数据,为决策系统提供投入,并提出蒸发操作建议; 处理危险和系统故障,而不在船上进行人类干预; 该系统由三个不同的互动层组成; 开发船上系统是人工智能工具,用于探测和控制自主船舶,因为情况得到承认和避免障碍的战略; 第二份是旨在协调遥感-活化基础设施和全自动算法结果的管弦化和管理模型; 由多艘船舶提供的无误边际和分布式计算技术,用于蒸发式操作; 应对船舶的危害和系统故障,而无需人手动; 使用一个不动的自动测试框架,在海上进行最终控制时,一个部分是使用一个对船舶进行检验的系统,在海上环境进行最佳控制。