应用P2P能源分享的大约为社会最佳的权力下放联盟形成 (Approximately Socially-Optimal Decentralized Coalition Formation with Application to P2P Energy Sharing)

The paradigm of P2P (peer-to-peer) economy has emerged in diverse areas. "P2P energy sharing" is a new form of P2P economy in the energy sector, which allows users to establish longer-term sharing arrangements of their local energy resources (e.g., rooftop PVs, home batteries) with joint optimized energy management. In such a P2P setting, a coalition of users is formed for sharing resources in a decentralized manner by self-interested users based on their individual preferences. A likely outcome of decentralized coalition formation will be a stable coalition structure, where no group of users could cooperatively opt out to form another coalition that induces higher preferences to all its members. Remarkably, there exist a number of fair cost-sharing mechanisms (e.g., equal-split, proportional-split, egalitarian and Nash bargaining solutions of bargaining games) that model practical cost-sharing applications with desirable properties, such as the existence of a stable coalition structure with a small strong price-of-anarchy (SPoA) to approximate the social optimum. In this paper, we provide general results of decentralized coalition formation: (1) We establish a logarithmic lower bound on SPoA, and hence, show several previously known fair cost-sharing mechanisms are the best practical mechanisms with minimal SPoA. (2) We show that the SPoA of egalitarian and Nash bargaining cost-sharing mechanisms to match the lower bound. (3) We derive the SPoA of a mix of different cost-sharing mechanisms. (4) We present a decentralized algorithm to form a stable coalition structure. (5) Finally, we apply our general results to P2P energy sharing and present an empirical study of decentralized coalition formation in a real-world project. We study the empirical SPoA, which is observed within 95% of the social optimal cost with coalitions of 2 and 3 users, via fair cost-sharing mechanisms.

翻译：P2P(Peer-peer-peer)经济模式在不同领域出现。“P2P能源共享”是能源部门P2P经济的一种新形式,它使用户能够建立较长期的当地能源资源共享安排(如屋顶PV、家用电池),并实行最佳能源管理。在这种P2P环境下,用户结成联盟,让自身感兴趣的用户根据个人偏好,以分散方式分享资源。分散式联盟的形成可能是一个稳定的联盟结构,没有任何用户群体可以合作选择组成另一个联盟,从而给所有成员带来更高的偏好。值得注意的是,存在一些公平的费用分摊机制(如平等、比例分配、平等和纳什谈判的讨价还价办法),在这种模式下,社会分享具有可取性,例如存在稳定的联盟结构,价格稍强的3级联盟(SPoA),以接近社会最佳模式。在这份文件中,我们提供了具有更高程度经验的P2级(al-al-al-al-al-al-al-al-al-al-al-al-al-al-al-al-lor-l-lor-l-l-l-l-l-l-l-l-l-l-l-l-l-l-l-l-l-l-l-l-l-l-l-l-l-l-l-l-l-l-l-l-l-l-l-l-l-l-l-l-l-l-l-l-l-l-l-l-l-l-l-l-l-l-l-l-l-l-l-l-l-l-l-l-l-l-l-l-l-l-l-l-l-l-l-l-l-l-l-l-l-l-l-l-l-l-l-l-l-l-l-l-l-l-l-l-l-l-l-l-l-l-l-l-l-l-l-l-l-l-l-l-l-l-l-l-l-l-l-l-l-l-l-l-l-l-l-l-l-l-l-l-l-l-l-l-