双层网络下的振子集体行为研究：以生物钟神经元网络为例

项目名称： 双层网络下的振子集体行为研究：以生物钟神经元网络为例

项目编号： No.11505114

项目类型： 青年科学基金项目

立项/批准年度： 2016

项目学科： 数理科学和化学

项目作者： 顾长贵

作者单位： 上海理工大学

项目金额： 18万元

中文摘要： 绝大多数生物的生理活动、行为活动均演化出周期为24小时的节律。在哺乳动物脑内，控制这一节律的区域位于视交叉上核（俗称生物钟，英文简写为SCN）。视交叉上核由数万个能够自发振荡的神经元组成。这些神经元通过神经递质耦合后形成一个复杂网络，进一步可分为两部分，一部分（腹外侧）直接接受来自视网膜的光信息然后将信息传递给另一部分（背内侧）。这两部分构建成SCN的双层网络。然而理论工作者往往将SCN看成一个全局耦合的神经元网络而忽略了SCN双层网这一事实。本项目以SCN双层网络为例，研究双层网络结构下的神经元集体行为。一方面来解释时差、持续光照下腹外侧和背内侧反相同步、周期为22小时光照下腹外侧和背内侧失去同步等三种实验现象；另一方面从理论角度来探讨双层网络与全局耦合网络的动力学机制的异同。本项目的研究可以加深网络结构与神经元集体行为之间关系的理解，同时揭露了实验现象内在的机制。

中文关键词： 网络动力学；网络同步；生物节律；双层网络；神经元振子

英文摘要： The Physiological and behavioral activity of living beings has evolved the rhythms of 24h period. In mammals, the 24h period is regulated by the main clock located at the suprachiasmatic nucleus (SCN). The SCN is composed of ten thousands of self-oscillating neurons. These neurons are coupled to form a network through transmitters and divided into two parts. One named ventrolateral part(VL) directly receives the light information from the retina and relays the information to the another part named dorsalmedial part(DM). These two parts constitute a two-layer network. However, most theoretical researchers take the SCN network as a all-to-all neural network regardless of the fact. Based on the topology of the two-layer network of the SCN, this project aims to study the collective behaviors of neurons and will be focused on the phenomenon of jet-lag, the antip-phase synchronization between the VL and the DM, and the dissociation between the VL and the DM under the light-dark cycle of 22h period. On the other hand, the kinetic mechanism of the two-layer network will be explored and compared with the all-to-all network. This project might help to understand not only the relationship between the network structure and the collective behaviors of neurons, but also the mechanism behind the phenomenon.

英文关键词： Network dynamics;Network synchronization;Biological rhythms;two-layer network;Neuron oscillator