项目名称: 具有生物体肌肉特性的可变刚度弹性驱动机械臂
项目编号: No.61305116
项目类型: 青年科学基金项目
立项/批准年度: 2014
项目学科: 自动化技术、计算机技术
项目作者: 陶永
作者单位: 北京航空航天大学
项目金额: 25万元
中文摘要: 随着服务机器人/工业机器人在操作作业时与人接触的机会越来越多,迫切需要一种能够应用于与人协作的环境中,对环境友好、且在碰到人体或者环境时不造成伤害的机器人系统。其中,机器人与人类互动接触时的安全性设计与控制如何实现,保证机器人操作的安全性是目前机器人技术发展的热点与难点。机器人弹性驱动器中的弹性元件可在有限的范围内弹性形变,像生物体的肌肉一样吸收、储存并再次利用能量,在一定程度上消除机械震荡,减轻零部件的机械损伤。本课题研究具有生物体肌肉特性的弹性驱动器关节模块,安装在机器人的关节处,以获得类似生物体一样的"触觉",实现基于可变刚度的弹性驱动机械臂系统,建立其运动学与动力学方程,并进行动力学分析及仿真,攻克不同构型的模块化机械臂求逆问题,基于力和位移的综合运动控制实现机械臂的柔顺作业,进行演示操作及碰撞等安全试验,以保证机器人与人协作及特种/仿生机器人操作的安全性与可靠性。
中文关键词: 可变刚度关节;机器人驱动器关节;PID+SMC关节控制算法;滑膜和RBF神经网络;机械臂柔顺控制
英文摘要: With the development of service robots / industrial robots in contact with people in the operation when the opportunity is increasing, there is an urgent need for the robot system that is friendly, and touch the human body or environment without causing harm. It is the hotspot and difficulty how to realize the security design and control of robot and human interaction. Elastic resilient element in the drive can be provided within a limited range of elastic deformation, like organisms muscle absorption, storage and re-use of energy, which eliminates mechanical shock to a certain extent and reduces parts of the mechanical damage. The flexible drive joint module with organisms muscle characteristics is proposed, installed in the joints of the robot to get similar organisms "tactile" flexible manipulator system based on variable stiffness establish its kinematics and dynamics equations. The dynamics analysis and simulation are studied to capture the different configurations of the modular manipulator inverse problem. The supple demonstration operation of the manipulator is realized based on the force and displacement movement control. The collision safety tests to ensure that tested to ensure the robot safety and reliability of the collaboration and bionic robot operation.
英文关键词: Variable stiffness joint;Robot drive joint;PID+SMC control algorithm;Sliding mode and RBF neural networks;Manipulator compliance control