项目名称: 基于生物力学的机器人辅助微创手术力反馈技术研究
项目编号: No.61305102
项目类型: 青年科学基金项目
立项/批准年度: 2014
项目学科: 自动化技术、计算机技术
项目作者: 冯美
作者单位: 吉林大学
项目金额: 25万元
中文摘要: 机器人辅助微创手术极大地提高了手术操作精度和手术质量。然而,由于目前机器人辅助微创手术不具备手术操作的力反馈,医生无法掌握手术交互的动态信息,只能依靠视觉反馈进行手术,手术动作完成困难。缺乏手术操作的力反馈已成为阻碍机器人辅助微创手术发展的主要因素。本项目从生物力学的角度,探索实现机器人辅助微创手术力反馈的新方法。即根据手术要求开发机械测试平台和设计生物组织力学实验,建立不同生物组织的力学模型,利用组织弹性成像信息和手术影像的三维数字化重构提取手术区域各组织的空间位置特征,结合机器人手术交互的位置反馈进行生物组织机械特性识别,实时计算手术交互力,建立主-从力映射和时延协调,实现机器人辅助微创手术力反馈。该研究突破了传统的通过间接变量研究力反馈的方法,创新性地从生理力学的角度研究机器人与生物组织的手术交互力。该项目对推动手术机器人的应用和促进机械与生物医学交叉学科的发展具有重要意义。
中文关键词: 机器人辅助微创手术;力反馈;生物力学;;
英文摘要: Robotic-assisted ?minimally invasive surgery (RMIS) has brought a prominent change in modern surgical area. However, as the present RMIS lacks the force feedback of the surgical operation, surgeon accomplishes surgery task relying on the laparoscopic image feedback but without any dynamic information, which make it hard for performing the procedure. Lacking of force feedback has limited the RMIS application. To achieve the RMIS force feedback, the project presents a new way from the aspect of biomechanics. The details are as follows: according to the surgery requirements, biomechanical experiments are carried out to test the tissue properties, and the tissue mechanical models are established based on the experimental data; with the 3D digital reconstruction of surgery image and tissue ultrasonic elastograhpy, the tissue spatial location is described and calibrated in the robot workspace, combined with the position feedback of robot surgical operation tissue property is identified, and then the surgical interaction force can be calculation with the established mechanical model; the master-slave force mapping is built based on the analysis of the master-slave mechanical configuration, with which the surgical interaction force is mapped on the master and finally the force feedback is achieved. The study presents a
英文关键词: robot-assisted minimally invasive surgery;force feedback;biomechanics;;