调控水稻灌浆期耐热相关基因表达的DNA甲基化关键位点挖掘

项目名称： 调控水稻灌浆期耐热相关基因表达的DNA甲基化关键位点挖掘

项目编号： No.31471467

项目类型： 面上项目

立项/批准年度： 2015

项目学科： 食品科学、农学基础与作物学

项目作者： 黄英金

作者单位： 江西农业大学

项目金额： 90万元

中文摘要： 我国稻谷总产量的几次大波动都与双季早稻的减产密切相关，灌浆期高温热害是造成我国水稻主产区双季早稻减产的重要自然灾害，加快选育灌浆期耐热性强的优良新品种是双季早稻生产中应对高温热害的根本性对策。水稻灌浆期耐热性受多基因控制，为尽快提高水稻灌浆期耐热性育种的成效，挖掘有效的功能基因已成为当务之急。本项目组前期研究克隆了54个与水稻灌浆期耐热相关基因的全长cDNA序列；这些基因既存在于耐热水稻也存在于热敏感水稻，而在气温升高条件下却呈现显著的相对表达差异；DNA双链溶解曲线显示这些基因存在DNA甲基化现象。为此，本申请项目拟进一步论证水稻灌浆期耐热性与差异表达基因的甲基化和去甲基化之间的关系，明确调控水稻灌浆期耐热相关基因表达的甲基化和去甲基化关键位点，并验证其表观调控功能，研究结果可为水稻灌浆期耐热性育种提供有效的功能基因，从而促进早稻灌浆期耐热性强的优良新品种的选育。

中文关键词： 水稻；灌浆期；高温胁迫；基因表达；DNA甲基化

英文摘要： Several waves of rice output were related to double-season rice yields, and high temperature climate at rice milky stage is a main natural calamity limiting rice yield on the major double-season growing area in China. Therefore, breeding new cultivars with good quality and high temperature tolerant traits become a basic countermeasure for double-season rice productivity, but the trait of rice resistanting to high-temperature is regulated by multiple genes. Therefore, the uppermost task is to improve the breeding efficiency on breeding rice cultivars with the heat-resistant traits, and clone effective functional gene for high temperature tolerant rice. In our previous study, full-length cDNA sequences of the 54 genes related to rice responding to high temperature were cloned. The further study result showed that the different display genes were not only origin from heat-tolerant rice but also from heat-sensitive rice, but showed significant different in gene expression under high temperature conditions, and the partial differentially expressed gene showed DNA methylation, which was accorded with the characteristics of epigenetic. In this project, the relationship between rice heat-tolerant traits and the key locus of methylation (demethylation) locus in the different display genes will be further analyzed, and the epigenetic function on the key methylation (demethylation) locus in the genes would be confirmed by transgene. The result would be able to provide effective functional genes for and be beneficial to accelerating breeding new cultivars with high temperature tolerant traits.

英文关键词： rice;at the milky stage;high-temperature stress;gene expression;DNA methylation