结合GWAS与RNA-seq技术发掘油菜侧根发育关键基因

项目名称： 结合GWAS与RNA-seq技术发掘油菜侧根发育关键基因

项目编号： No.31501820

项目类型： 青年科学基金项目

立项/批准年度： 2016

项目学科： 农业科学

项目作者： 顿小玲

作者单位： 中国农业科学院油料作物研究所

项目金额： 22万元

中文摘要： 菜籽油是我国食用植物油的重要来源，培育优良根构型品种是提高油菜产量、保障我国食用油供给安全的有效途径。项目前期筛选了349份遗传背景丰富的甘蓝型油菜种质组成关联群体，并用60K SNP芯片构建了其基因型数据库。通过聚类从中筛选出80份材料用于根系性状分析，结果表明侧根数、侧根干重与油菜叶片磷含量和产量性状显著相关。而后利用水培和沙培从这80份材料中筛选出8份侧根发育极端的材料进行转录组测序。在此基础上，本项目拟利用水培和沙培对关联群体的侧根相关性状进行鉴定，基于SNP分析，对其进行全基因组关联分析。同时通过侧根发育极端材料的表达谱分析，获得与侧根性状关联表达的基因。整合全基因组关联分析和关联表达分析结果，发掘油菜侧根发育关键基因。开发分子标记或利用DNA测序分析这些基因在关联群体中变异规律，获得油菜根系发育的优良等位基因和分子标记，为解析油菜侧根发育分子机制和油菜根构型育种提供科学依据。

中文关键词： 油菜；关联分析；转录组分析；侧根发育；养分吸收

英文摘要： Rapeseed oil has been the predominate source of domestic vegetable oil in China. Breeding cultivars with select root architecture contributes to improving yield of rapeseed and ensure supply safety of domestic vegetable oil. In our previous study, the Brassica napus association analysis population with 349 core accessions was scanned by whole-genome scanning using 60K SNP chip. We analyzed relations between root characters and yield using 80 accessions from the association analysis population. The statistical results suggested that numbers of lateral roots and dry weight of lateral roots showed significant correlations with phosphorus content of leaf and yield of rapeseed. And total lateral roots of 8 accessions with extreme lateral root architecture selected by hydroponics and sand culture were used to RNA sequencing. In this project, we are planning to investigate phenotypes of lateral root characters of the association analysis population by hydroponics and sand culture, respectively. Then candidate genes related to lateral root development are expected to be obtained by integration of genome-wide association analysis and associative transcriptomics analysis. Subsequently, the genomic variation profiles of these genes will be analyzed in the association analysis population. The molecular markers and genes related to lateral root development are expected to be identified by this approach. The research results of this project are expected to provide theoretical guidance for uncovering the molecular mechanism of lateral root development and molecular breeding of select root architecture.

英文关键词： Rapeseed;genome-wide association analysis;transcriptomics ; lateral root development ;nutrient absorb