干旱半干旱草原生态系统土壤细菌群落结构和多样性对氮沉降的响应

项目名称： 干旱半干旱草原生态系统土壤细菌群落结构和多样性对氮沉降的响应

项目编号： No.41301272

项目类型： 青年科学基金项目

立项/批准年度： 2014

项目学科： 天文学、地球科学

项目作者： 姚敏杰

作者单位： 中国科学院成都生物研究所

项目金额： 26万元

中文摘要： 氮沉降是全球变化的一个重要方面。在我国干旱和半干旱草原生态系统中，进行了很多模拟N沉降对生态系统结构和功能影响的野外控制试验。然而，由于研究手段的限制，对N沉降与细菌群落的科、属组成、多样性变化的关系很少涉及。本研究拟利用在我国不同干旱半干旱生态类型（典型草原、荒漠草原、荒漠、高寒草甸）中已经进行的N沉降试验样地的土壤样品，利用现代高通量测序技术在科、属水平上系统鉴定不同生态系统中细菌群落组成和多样性的变化。我们的假设认为，不同生态系统中细菌对N沉降的响应程度会有差别，N沉降有可能成为塑造细菌群落结构和多样性的关键驱动因子，气候条件与N沉降对细菌群落的影响具有交互作用。通过该研究，将发现不同生态系统中对N沉降敏感的指示菌群，揭示细菌组成和多样性对氮沉降响应的阈值及响应模式，为预测全球变化对生态系统结构和功能的作用机制提供科学数据。

中文关键词： N沉降；微生物群落；宏基因组；草原生态系统；高通量测序

英文摘要： Nitrogen deposition is an important aspect of global change. Some field experiments were conducted to investigate the effects of nitrogen deposition on the structure and function of arid and semi-arid grassland ecosystems in China. However, limited by the research technique, bacterial compositions at family or genus level influenced by N deposition are seldom investigated. Using pyrosequencing technique, we are able to study the responses of soil bacterial community structure and diversity at family and genus levels response to N deposition. In this study, we will collect soil samples from field experiements simulating N deposition in arid and semi-arid grassland ecosystems (typical steppe, desert steppe, desert, alpine meadow) in China, and study the changes in bacterial community structure and diversity response to N deposition. Our hypothesis include: 1) the responses of bacterial community structure and diversity to N deposition differ in different ecosystems; 2) N deposition may become dominant driving factor shaping bacterial community structure and diversity; 3) climatic factors and N deposition are interactive to influence the response patterns of bacterial community to N deposition. We will detect sensitive bacterial indicators, thresholds and response patterns of bacterial community struture and diver

英文关键词： N deposition；microbial community；metagenomics；steppe ecosystem；high-throughput sequencing