基于钠离子通道受体的海洋神经毒素协同分析方法及膳食暴露探索研究

项目名称： 基于钠离子通道受体的海洋神经毒素协同分析方法及膳食暴露探索研究

项目编号： No.31471671

项目类型： 面上项目

立项/批准年度： 2015

项目学科： 食品科学、农学基础与作物学

项目作者： 周爽

作者单位： 国家食品安全风险评估中心

项目金额： 80万元

中文摘要： 海洋神经毒素毒性强烈、致死率高，并可通过食物链累积和迁移，是食物中毒的重要原因，严重威胁人类健康。本研究以我国广泛分布的六类海洋神经毒素为研究对象，采用基因工程与分子生物学技术，通过组织提取或蛋白表达，获得海洋神经毒素通用型结合受体--电压门控钠离子通道蛋白及其核心识别片断；进而整合多学科交叉优势，系统地构建兼备毒性评价作用与结构确证功能的海洋神经毒素协同分析平台，实现对已知毒素的超微量、多组分同步定量分析，对未知毒素的捕捉筛查和结构鉴定分析，便携式生物传感器现场快检分析，以及珍贵毒素标准品的环境友好型分离制备；在此基础上创建我国典型海产品中海洋神经毒素污染分布及变化规律基础数据库，初步探讨居民膳食暴露风险及主要贡献来源。为高风险海洋食品的预警，指导居民膳食选择，预防中毒事件的发生，及相关政策和限量标准的制定提供技术支持，为其他天然毒素的综合研究提供创新思路。

中文关键词： 离子通道；海洋毒素；受体；特异性识别；膳食暴露

英文摘要： Marine neurotoxins are natural products with high toxicity and mortality, which could be accumulated and transformed through the food chain. As a main cause of food-poising, marine neurotoxins present a serious hazard on human health. This project will focus on six types of marine neurotoxins widespread in China. With the assistance of genetic engineering and molecular biology techniques, much effort will be devoted to obtain the voltage-gated sodium channel (VGSC) and its core binding domains that serve as the specific receptor of many neurotoxins. In combination with advanced analytical and bio-sensing technologies, the VGSC receptor will be consequently used as a key binding unit to establish a collaborative platform for marine neurotoxin analysis. This platform effectively integrates toxicity evaluation and chemical structure identification, including: receptor-affinity LC-MS/MS method for ultra-sensitive and multi-target quantification, receptor-affinity high resolution MS method for unknown toxin screening, receptor-based biosensors for on-site fast detection, and receptor-affinity preparative LC method for marine neurotoxin standards production. Furthermore, the platform will be employed to investigate the contamination and distribution of marine neurotoxins in typical seafood, and monitor their variations depending on the seasons, sea areas, and seafood species. As a consequence, a primary database could be founded and applied to conduct a preliminary dietary exposure risk assessment. This project will greatly facilitate forewarning of potential toxic seafood, prevent seafood-poising, and provide technical support for regulation and maximum limit setting. In addition, the experience and achievements might cast new light on other natural toxin studies.

英文关键词： sodium channel;marine toxin;receptor;specific binding;dietary exposure