基于光纤超声波传感器的桥梁沉降分布式监测技术研究

项目名称： 基于光纤超声波传感器的桥梁沉降分布式监测技术研究

项目编号： No.51308109

项目类型： 青年科学基金项目

立项/批准年度： 2014

项目学科： 建筑科学

项目作者： 孙安

作者单位： 东南大学

项目金额： 25万元

中文摘要： 针对目前桥梁缓变沉降的长期在线监测这一技术难题及需求，研究新型基于光纤超声波传感技术的桥梁沉降分布式实时监测技术，以满足桥梁沉降监测对长期性, 分布式, 抗干扰性及高分辨率的需求。根据此思路，首先提出并研究基于高灵敏度光纤超声波的桥梁沉降传感系统，实验研究测试光纤超声波传感器的沉降响应特性，针对性设计并改进光纤超声波传感系统，优化光纤超声波传感器分辨率以及对高频超声波的响应能力，研究解决光纤超声波传感器由于外界温度与湿度变化所产生的交叉敏感问题，并研究其相应补偿技术，提高传感器长期可靠性与稳定性。其次通过有限元分析与试验相结合建立相应的桥梁沉降理论及实验模型，研究建立针对分布式光纤超声传感技术的桥梁沉降特性分析与计算模型，并开发相应的沉降传感数据自动分析与处理系统。最后实验建立并优化分布式光纤传感器布设方案，研究实现光纤超声波传感技术对桥梁沉降的分布式长距离高分辨率在线监测。

中文关键词： 光纤超声波传感；光纤传感器；桥梁沉降监测；长期监测；分布式

英文摘要： According to current technical problem and requirement concerning long term on-line gradual settlement monitoring of bridge, a novel distributed optical fiber ultrasonic sensing system will be studied to satisfy the needs of bridge settlement monitoring on long term performance, distributed monitoring, anti-interference capability and high sensitivity. In this proposed research, first, a high sensitive optical fiber ultrasonic sensor system for bridge settlement monitoring will be proposed and investigated, and the settlement response characteristics concerning optical fiber ultrasonic sensors will also be studied and tested experimentally. Then the optical fiber ultrasonic sensing system will be improved accordingly with an aim to optimize its resolution and response capability to high frequency ultrasonic waves. The cross-sensitivity of optical fiber ultrasonic sensing system to temperature and humidity will be studied, and the corresponding compensation technique will also be investigated both theoretically and experimentally to enhance the long term reliability and stability of sensing system. Second, the theoretical and experimental model of bridge settlement will be established through the integration of Finite Element Analysis and experiment. On this basis, the settlement characteristic analyzing and com

英文关键词： optical fiber ultrasonic sensing；fiber optic sensor；Bridge settlement monitoring；long term monitoring；distributed