啄木鸟颅骨细观水平的显微结构、成分组成与力学性能研究

项目名称： 啄木鸟颅骨细观水平的显微结构、成分组成与力学性能研究

项目编号： No.11202017

项目类型： 青年科学基金项目

立项/批准年度： 2013

项目学科： 数理科学和化学

项目作者： 王丽珍

作者单位： 北京航空航天大学

项目金额： 28万元

中文摘要： 啄木鸟高频、高加速度啄木却未发生头部冲击伤，其机理的研究在人体冲击伤防护方面具有重要意义。申请人的前期工作已对啄木鸟头部抗冲击性进行了初步研究，结果表明啄木鸟的喙部、舌骨结构对头部起到保护作用，此外还发现啄木鸟颅骨具有较独特的显微结构、组成成分和不同于其他相近鸟类的力学特性。影响骨力学特性的因素可归结为骨显微结构和组成成分两类。迄今还没有系统深入的研究啄木鸟颅骨的显微结构形态特征、成分组成和力学特性及其关系。本项目在前期工作基础上，针对啄木鸟颅骨不同部位的显微结构、成分组成及力学特性进行研究。具体研究内容包括：1)颅骨不同部位的显微结构特征；2）颅骨不同部位的成分组成特征；3）颅骨不同部位的力学特性分布规律；4）颅骨不同部位的显微结构特征、成分组成与力学特性之间的关系及其对啄木鸟头部抗冲击性的影响。本课题不仅具有重要的科学理论意义，同时在工程仿生材料和防护装备方面具有潜在的实用价值。

中文关键词： 啄木鸟；颅骨；显微结构；成分组成；力学性能

英文摘要： Woodpecker has no head impact injury when it drums tree trunk with high frequency and deceleration.It was shown that the unequal beak and special sling-like hyoid bone has a role in impact protection of woodpecker head in our previous study.In addition, the brain of woodpecker was tightly packed by relatively dense cranial bone comprising of cortical and spongy bone with less spongy bone compared to other birds. There is also overwhelming evidence that the mineral mass and micro-structure of bone are susceptible to the stimulation by mechanical loads, ensuring that its mechanical behavior and strength are adapted to environmental changes. However, there have been few systematic analyses of these properties of woodpecker's skull. Based on our previous study, the proposed research project will carry out the following studies:(1)The micro-structure of cranial bone on the different location of skull;(2)The composition of cranial bone on the different location of skull;(3)The nanomeachanical property of cranial bone on the different location of skull;(4)The relationship of micro-structure,composition and meachnical property.The micro-structure,composition and nanomechanial property on the different location of woodpecker's skull would be studied based on the methods of meachanical test,composition analysis and micro

英文关键词： woodpecker；skull；micro-structure；composition；mechanical property