污水脱氮过程中同步厌氧甲烷氧化和氨氧化的实现及控制策略

项目名称： 污水脱氮过程中同步厌氧甲烷氧化和氨氧化的实现及控制策略

项目编号： No.51208009

项目类型： 青年科学基金项目

立项/批准年度： 2013

项目学科： 建筑环境与结构工程学科

项目作者： 郭建华

作者单位： 北京工业大学

项目金额： 25万元

中文摘要： 同步厌氧甲烷氧化(DAMO)和氨氧化(Anammox)的实现不仅能节约曝气能耗和碳源，更能降低温室气体CH4和N2O的排放，在处理含亚硝态氮和溶解性甲烷的污水中具有明显技术优势，目前未见基于N-DAMO+Anammox的联合工艺进行生物脱氮。 本项目将通过调节污水生物脱氮过程中的运行条件和控制参数，利用N-DAMO菌和Anammox菌在生态分布和代谢机制上的竞争和协同关系实现它们间的种群优化，使两种微生物在同一反应器内生长和富集。并将借助分子生物学、同位素示踪和过程控制技术，在新型间歇式膜生物反应器(SMBR)中，揭示N-DAMO菌和Anammox菌丰度、活性、种群结构的演变规律，提出SMBR中N-DAMO和Anammox菌的单独富集和共生富集的培养方法，建立面向种群优化的同步厌氧甲烷氧化和氨氧化耦合工艺控制系统和方法，最终实现同步厌氧甲烷氧化和厌氧氨氧化耦合工艺处理污泥消化上清液。

中文关键词： 反硝化型厌氧甲烷氧化；厌氧氨氧化；数学模型；宏基因组；污水生物处理

英文摘要： Nitrite-dependent anaerobic oxidation of methane (N-DAMO) and ammonium (anammox) are two recently discovered processes in the nitrogen cycle, mediated by N-DAMO bacteria and anammox bacteria, respectively. The coupling of N-DAMO and Anammox can not only reduce energy consumption and carbon sources, but also mitigate CH4 and N2O emissions. Therefore, the combined process of anammox and N-DAMO is very significant for implementation in wastewater treatment systems that contain both substantial amounts of methane and ammonium. Due to their relatively slower growth rates, it is difficult to enrich an anammox and N-DAMO coculture and no relevant reports are available in literature. Apparently, even though the bacteria that perform these processes compete for the same electron acceptor (nitrite) they are able to coexist in nature. The objectives of this project is to achieve the comibination of N-DAMO and Anammox processes and inverstigate the feasibility of an anammox and n-damo coculture by adjusting operating conditions and control parameters in one reactor. It is expected to develop a cost-effective and environment-friendly alternative to conventional nitrogen removal systems. To achieve this aim, we will examine the abundance, activity, community structure and the competition mechanism of N-DAMO and Anammox

英文关键词： Denitrifying anaerobic methane oxidation；Anaerobic ammonium oxidation；mathmatical model；metagenomics；biological wastewater treatment