污泥固体厌氧发酵反应器内甲烷累积的微生态机理研究

项目名称： 污泥固体厌氧发酵反应器内甲烷累积的微生态机理研究

项目编号： No.21306180

项目类型： 青年科学基金项目

立项/批准年度： 2014

项目学科： 化学工业

项目作者： 刘晓玲

作者单位： 中国环境科学研究院

项目金额： 25万元

中文摘要： 厌氧发酵技术生产清洁的生物质能源即甲烷是实现污泥中有机质资源化再利用的一条新途径，业已引起一些发达国家研究者的高度重视。为提高污泥中有机质转化为甲烷的效率并增加甲烷的累积量，需要对污泥固体厌氧消化反应器中甲烷的累积机理进行详细的研究。本项目在构建能够区分活细胞和死亡细胞DNA片段以及适合于宏基因组学研究的总DNA提取方法基础上，采用基于最新的高通量测序技术（454测序）的宏基因组学研究方法阐明污泥固体厌氧发酵生产甲烷过程的微生物分子生态学机理，通过分析污泥固体厌氧发酵反应器内微生物的数量、结构以及活性和甲烷累积之间的关系，阐明它们对甲烷累积的贡献，并准确还原发酵过程厌氧微生物的原始状态。同时，结合化学计量学手段研究污泥固体厌氧反应器中的主要代谢途径和代谢通量，阐明固体发酵过程污泥厌氧反应器内甲烷的产生和累积机理。

中文关键词： 污泥；甲烷；固体发酵；高通量；菌群结构

英文摘要： Biomethane, as a clean renewable energy that promises to be a good substitution for traditional fossil fuels in the future, has become an increasingly attraction due to global energy crisis. In various technologies for producing biomethane, solid-state fermentation technology has increasingly attracted some researchers in some developed countries interests. Solid-state fermentation is characterized by the high solid content of the feed stocks to be digested, which is typically greater than 20%. However, anaerobic efficiency of biomethane production is still not high due to the lack of understanding the accumulative methane mechanism during the whole solid-state fermentation. Hence, to improve biomethane yield through solid-state fermentation in a biomethane reactor, a better understanding of microbial community composition and interactions between these and other microorganisms as well as methanogenic mechanism is required. Based on the above analyse, this project will firstly build a total DNA extraction method for metagenomic analyses in a solid-state anaerobic reactor, and this method will able to differentiate between live and dead anaerobic microbiology. And then Metagenomics which is the latest high-throughput sequencing technology (454 sequencing) will be used to clarify the molecular microbial ecology m

英文关键词： excess sludge；biomethane；solid-state fermentation；high-throughput sequencing；community structure