当归早薹的分子调控机制研究

项目名称： 当归早薹的分子调控机制研究

项目编号： No.30801518

项目类型： 青年科学基金项目

立项/批准年度： 2009

项目学科： 金属学与金属工艺

项目作者： 于光

作者单位： 南京中医药大学

项目金额： 21万元

中文摘要： 当归为伞形科(Umbeliferae)当归属植物，始载于东汉《神农本草经》，列为中品，在妇科疾病治疗中尤为常见，素有"十方九归"和"药王"之誉；当归在日本、韩国以及一些欧美国家作为保健品被广泛使用，因其药食两用国内外需求量巨大。然而，当归生产过程中提前抽薹(早薹)率高达20-60%，严重影响着当归的产量和品质，制约着当归产业的健康发展。 拟南芥、水稻等模式植物的研究发现，高等植物的诱导开花过程受自身遗传因子和外界环境因素两方面影响，是开花相关基因在时间和空间上顺序表达的结果。基于多学科对植物开花的认识，我们提出当归早薹分子调控机制的科学假说：促使当归早薹发生的成因可能是由于生态条件的变化和累积效应以及种质退化，诱导了与抽薹相关基因的提早表达，进而引起相关蛋白质和激素的变化，诱导早薹的发生。相应研究内容包括：1.揭示促发当归早薹的关键基因及其调控机制；2.研究当归早薹相关蛋白结构与功能；3.分析当归早薹相关的激素种类和含量变化。以期系统阐明当归早薹的分子调控机制，为当归种质选育提供分子标记，为当归早薹性状的种质改良提供作用靶点，为当归早薹的有效防治提供科学依据。

中文关键词： 当归;早薹;cDNA-AFLP;2-DE;HPLC

英文摘要： Angelica sinensis(Oliv.)Diels(Umbelliferae) is a world-famous medicinal plant distributed throughout Gansu Province, China. The root of A. sinensis, called Danggui, is a popular tonic, having been recorded as early as A.D. 25-225 in the book "Shen Nong Ben Cao Jing" in the Han Dynasty. It is recommended as a tonic, hematopoietic, and anti-inflammatory agent in the treatment of menstrual disorders, amenorrhea, dysmenorrhea, etc. It is also a health-food product for women in Asia, and a dietary supplement in Europe and America. Thus, as a consequence of its wide variety of food and medicinal applications, demand is high. However, in Gansu Province where it originated, the quality of Angelica sinensis has been seriously affected by its high early bolting rate. This results in low yield, thereby constituting a restriction to further development for numerous applications. From studies of Arabidopsis thaliana, rice, and other model plants, researchers have found that plant bolting is affected by gene expression and environmental factors. Four pathways affect flowering time, viz., the photoperiod, vernalization, autonomous and gibberellin pathways. In the present study, emphasis was placed on analyzing gene expression differences between the flower bud and sprout shoot apical meristem, as well as on identifying certain key genes regulating bolting in Angelica sinensis. Based on the understand of plant physiology, molecular biology, ecology and chemical analysis for the flowering, we put forth an idea that earlier bolting of Angelica senensis may be result from changes in ecological conditions and it's cumulative effect, which inducts of bolting related gene earlier expression and protein and hormone-related changes. The main topic of this project includes five parts. First, reveal the key gene to trigger early bolting and it's regulatory mechanism. Second, screening the expression of specific proteins about early bolting. Third, analysis the kinds and contents of related hormones.These researches will provide a scientific basis for the postponement of early bolting and provide theoretical support to improve germplasm of Angelica sinensis.

英文关键词： Angelica sinensis;early bolting; cDNA-AFLP;2-DE;HPLC