镁铝合金组装式车轮结构-材料-性能一体化轻量化多目标优化设计方法研究

项目名称： 镁铝合金组装式车轮结构-材料-性能一体化轻量化多目标优化设计方法研究

项目编号： No.51475201

项目类型： 面上项目

立项/批准年度： 2015

项目学科： 机械、仪表工业

项目作者： 王登峰

作者单位： 吉林大学

项目金额： 82万元

中文摘要： 设计一种由镁合金轮辋和铝合金轮辐组装式的新型轻量化车轮结构，研究车轮载荷的提取方法，建立组装式车轮结构-材料-综合性能一体化多目标轻量化优化设计方法，确定出车轮的轻量化优化设计方案，在保证车轮强度、刚度、疲劳寿命、振动特性和空气动力性能的条件下，与相同的铝合金车轮相比减重10%以上。弄清轮辐形状、条数和结构尺寸对车轮旋转时空气动力性和散热性能的影响特性，阐明车轮结构和材料特性参数以及轮辋和轮辐不同的加工工艺路径对车轮轻量化和性能影响的规律性，揭示轮辋和轮辐间的不同连接方式对车轮服役性能影响的规律性，确定组装式车轮的最佳工艺路径和连接方式，进一步研究作为非簧载质量的车轮这种移动和转动综合部件的轻量化对汽车燃料经济性的影响和节能机理，研制组装式轻量化车轮样件，试验验证组装式车轮轻量化优化设计结果的正确性，建立组装式车轮结构的轻量化设计流程，解决组装式新型车轮设计开发中的基础关键科学问题。

中文关键词： 汽车；车轮；多目标优化；疲劳寿命；空气动力性能

英文摘要： Design a new lightweight wheel assembled by magnesium alloy rim and aluminium alloy spoke. Wheel load extraction methods are investigated. Structure-material- behavior integration lightweight design methods for an assembled wheel are established. Lightweight design scheme will be determined through optimization. Weight reduction effect more than 10% comparing with aluminium wheel will be obtained under the condition of satisfying strength, stiffness, fatigue, vibration characteristic and aerodynamic performance. Influence of spoke shape, amount and physical dimension on the aerodynamic and dissipation heat performance of the rotating wheel is clarified. Influencing regularities of structure and material parameters , and different process route on wheel lightweight and service performance are indicated. Effect regularity of connection modes between rim and spoke on service performance of the wheel is revealed. Through the above research, optimal connection mode and process route of assembled lightweight wheel are ascertained. Energy-saving mechanism and influence of lightweight wheels, which are unsprung mass and they move and rotate during running, on automotive fuel economy are investigated profoundly. Develop prototype of lightweight wheel and verify validity of optimization design results of assembled lightweight wheel. Lightweight design procedure of assembled wheel is built up. Basis and key science problems in development and design of the assembled wheel are solved.

英文关键词： Automobile;Wheel;Multi-objective optimization;Fatigue life;Aerodynamics