基于遥感的典型草原荒漠化及驱动机制的定量评价研究

项目名称： 基于遥感的典型草原荒漠化及驱动机制的定量评价研究

项目编号： No.41501467

项目类型： 青年科学基金项目

立项/批准年度： 2016

项目学科： 天文学、地球科学

项目作者： 王红岩

作者单位： 中国科学院遥感与数字地球研究所

项目金额： 20万元

中文摘要： 受气候、自然地理环境以及不合理的人类活动的影响，我国的荒漠化问题日益严重，生态环境日趋恶化。随着遥感技术的发展，国内外研究学者选取多种不同的荒漠化评价指标，开展了荒漠化遥感评价研究，但较少涉及荒漠化评价基准问题，较少研究不同评价指标的选取对荒漠化评估结果的影响，同时研究中多定性地分析了荒漠化的驱动因素，缺乏荒漠化驱动机制的定量评价。本项目选取内蒙古锡林郭勒盟为研究区，基于大量野外观测、遥感监测和模型模拟的手段拟研究：（1）不同植被指标指示荒漠化敏感性；（2）构建荒漠化评价基准，提出基于时间序列遥感数据的典型草原荒漠化定量评价方法；（3）定量评价人为活动对荒漠化发展变化的影响，揭示荒漠化发展趋势变化的驱动机制，为我国北方干旱、半干旱区典型草原荒漠化防治提供重要的科学依据，具有重要的科学意义和现实指导意义。

中文关键词： 荒漠化；评价；遥感；驱动力；典型草原

英文摘要： Desertification has become increasingly serious and ecological environmental quality decreases significantly in China affected by climate change and unreasonable human activities. With the development of remote sensing technology, foreign and domestic researchers selected a variety of indicators and assessment methods to study desertification based on remote sensing, however, few studies related to desertification evaluation benchmark and the few studies to assess the impact of different indicators selected for desertification assessment. Meanwhile, most of studies only qualitatively analyzed the driving factors of desertification, and lack of quantitative evaluation of desertification driving mechanism. Based on the large-scale field investigation data, long term remote sensing data and modeling data, the objectives of this study which will select Xilingol League as the study area, are as follows: (1) to analysis the sensitivity of different desertification assessment vegetation index; (2) to establish desertification assessment benchmark and a quantitative assessment method of typical steppe desertification based on long time series remote sensing data; (3) to quantitative evaluate the impact of human activities on desertification. These findings will provide a scientific basis for the control of typical steppe desertification in the arid, semi-arid area of North China.

英文关键词： Desertification;assessment;remote sensing;driving force;typical steppe