玉米果穗不同部位种子活力差异的机理及功能标记开发

项目名称： 玉米果穗不同部位种子活力差异的机理及功能标记开发

项目编号： No.31271808

项目类型： 面上项目

立项/批准年度： 2013

项目学科： 农业科学

项目作者： 张春庆

作者单位： 山东农业大学

项目金额： 82万元

中文摘要： 种子活力是衡量种子播种质量的重要指标，选用高活力种子是提高产量最简单有效的方法。前人对种子活力机理方面的研究，以通过老化或引发处理得到的活力有差异的种子为材料，其活力差异主要受外部因素影响，本研究以玉米果穗不同部位发育过程中自然形成的、存在活力差异的种子为材料，活力差异主要受内部因素影响，其机理很可能与前者不同。本课题通过对不同粒位种子可溶性糖、植物激素和关键酶活性的比较分析，发现与不同粒位种子活力密切相关的功能标记；通过数字基因表达谱比较分析，发现不同粒位种子差异表达基因，选择差异表达基因显著富集通路中的上游基因，对其诱导表达模式进行研究，将其在拟南芥中过量表达，收获种子后检测活力水平，发现与不同粒位玉米种子活力差异密切相关的上游基因，这类基因的研究对于理解不同粒位种子活力差异的机理具有重要意义。本项目对于指导种子生产、加工具有重要的理论意义和潜在的应用价值。

中文关键词： 种子活力；激素；转录组；蛋白组；表观遗传

英文摘要： Seed vigor is an important indicator of evaluating seed quality. To sow seeds with high vigor is a simple and efficient method for increasing crop yield. In previous publications on mechanisms of seed vigor, seeds with different vigor, caused by ageing and priming and affected mainly by external environmental factors, were their materials. In the present study, however, our materials are the maize seeds located in different position on the ear which have different vigor generated during grain filling stage and mainly affected by intrinsic factors. The mechanism may differ with the former. In the present study, through comparative analysis of soluble sugar, phytohormone and activity of key enzyme of seeds located in different position on the ear, we will find functional markers closely related to seed vigor of them. By comparative analysis of digital gene expression profile of seeds with different grain position, we will find differentially expressed genes (DEG) of them firstly. And then we will do research about inducible expression patterns of upstream genes of DEG enriched metabolic pathways. After that, overexpress them in Arabidopsis, and then get seeds of transgenic plants for seed vigor detection. Finally, we will identify upstream genes closely related to seed vigor of seeds located in different position

英文关键词： seed vigor；hormone；transcriptome；proteome；epigenetics