污水处理系统中噬菌体的生态分布、多样性及对细菌群落和系统运行的调控作用

项目名称： 污水处理系统中噬菌体的生态分布、多样性及对细菌群落和系统运行的调控作用

项目编号： No.21477035

项目类型： 面上项目

立项/批准年度： 2015

项目学科： 化学工业

项目作者： 杨清香

作者单位： 河南师范大学

项目金额： 90万元

中文摘要： 噬菌体在污水处理系统中的丰度极高，但它们在污水处理系统中的生态学信息和数据库中有关环境噬菌体的分类鉴定信息目前都非常匮乏。本项目申请拟通过宏基因组技术结合传统的分离培养鉴定技术、荧光显微镜和电镜观察技术，系统研究城市污水处理系统和不同工业废水处理系统中噬菌体的分布、丰度、多样性和优势种群，阐明噬菌体的生态学信息与污水水质和工艺过程之间的相关性；通过大量分离鉴定污水处理系统中的噬菌体和宿主，研究噬菌体的宿主范围、噬菌体对不同宿主的侵染条件，初步阐明在一定环境条件下噬菌体对微生物群落的调控机制；根据优势噬菌体或宽宿主噬菌体的遗传学特性，设计引物或者探针，追踪研究优势噬菌体或宽宿主噬菌体随着污水处理系统运行过程的动力学变化，阐明噬菌体对污水处理系统中优势细菌群落、系统运行性能、污泥产生和沉降性能等的调控作用，进而阐明噬菌体在污水处理系统中的生态学意义。

中文关键词： 噬菌体；污水处理系统；生态效应；细菌群落；多样性

英文摘要： Although high richness of bacteriophages has been detected in wastewater treatment systems, information on bacteriophage ecology in wastewater environments, and information on classification and identification of environmental bacteriophages in virus databases are still very scared. In this project application, detailed researches about distribution, abundance, diversity and dominant populations of bacteriophages in different wastewater treatment systems will be conducted by using virus metagenomics, high-throughout pyrosequencing together with traditional isolation and identification techniques, fluorescence microscopic and electron microscopic techniques to clarify how the bacteriophage ecology is correlated with wastewatrers and wastewater treatment processes. Bacteriophages and their hosts will be largely isolated and identified from wastewater treatment systems. The bacteriophages' host ranges and the environmental conditions required for virus infection in different species of hosts will be investigated in detail to preliminarily elucidate the regulatory mechanisms of bacteriophages on bacterial community in a given environment. Based on the genetic traits of the donimant bacteriophages, primers or probes will be designed to investigate the dynamics of the dominant or wide-range bacteriophages with running of wastewater treatment systems. By analysis wether or how the dominant bacteriophages regulate the dominant bacterial populations, system running performances, sludge production and sludge settling properties, etc., it is expected to finially elucidate the ecological functions of bacteriophages in wastewater treatment systems.

英文关键词： bacteriophage;wastewater treatment system;ecological effects;bacterial community;diversity