南极乔治王岛陆地-潮间带-近海沉积物放线菌群落结构研究

项目名称： 南极乔治王岛陆地-潮间带-近海沉积物放线菌群落结构研究

项目编号： No.31200009

项目类型： 青年科学基金项目

立项/批准年度： 2013

项目学科： 微生物学、植物学

项目作者： 李静

作者单位： 中国海洋大学

项目金额： 22万元

中文摘要： 南极放线菌资源特殊，物种新颖多样，成为各国竞相争夺的战略资源。放线菌多样性和群落结构的深入研究可为发现新颖放线菌资源提供重要的理论依据，而在南极地区，这方面相关研究开展的较少，特别是对南极乔治王岛陆地-海洋地理空间中放线菌种群多样性及群落结构等信息仍处于未知状态。申请人前期研究发现在乔治王岛潮间带中蕴含着丰富的放线菌多样性和大量未培养资源，本项目拟采用免培养和纯培养技术相结合的方法，深入系统地研究放线菌在乔治王岛陆地-潮间带-近海沉积物不同地理空间的群落结构及动态变化规律，分析导致放线菌种群多样性的进化过程；根据免培养技术获得的反映原位菌群组成信息的指导，选择性分离获得南极特有放线菌资源，使未培养及难培养放线菌成为可培养放线菌，发现新物种。本研究对于认知南极特殊环境中的放线菌，深入理解南极放线菌的生物地理分布特征，发掘潜在放线菌资源具有重要的理论指导意义。

中文关键词： 南极；放线菌；群落结构；多样性；

英文摘要： Antarctic actinomycetes are recently recognized as a strategic resource with high species novelty and biodiversity and unique metabolic mechanisms formed during their long-term adapting to the extreme environment. Study of the actinomycetes diversity and community structure can provide theoretic guide for the discovery of new resources. However little is known about the actinomyces diversity and community structure at the terrestrial and marine habitat of King George Island. Our previous studies showed that the intertidal zone of King George Island horbour a high taxonomically diverse and uncultured actinomycetes resources. On this basis,we plan to investigate the actinomycetes community structure and dynamic variation in the land, intertidal zone and sea sediment systematically by culture-independent and culture-dependent methods. The evolutionary processes that lead to the creation of actinomycetes diversity are then identified. Selective isolation methods will be designed under the guiding of the in situ community information derived from culture-independent analysis to obtain the culturable antarctic actinomycetes and novel species. This study can help to promote the cognition of the actinomycetes and their biogeographic patterns in extreme antarctic environments. It also has important theoretical significan

英文关键词： Antarctic；Actinobacteria；Community structure；Diversity；