半干旱沙荒地种植能源高粱和柳枝稷对土壤碳和养分的影响

项目名称： 半干旱沙荒地种植能源高粱和柳枝稷对土壤碳和养分的影响

项目编号： No.31470555

项目类型： 面上项目

立项/批准年度： 2015

项目学科： 生态学

项目作者： 谢光辉

作者单位： 中国农业大学

项目金额： 80万元

中文摘要： 深入理解非粮能源作物种植对边际地土壤生态的影响机制，对实现生物质能源产业可持续发展，尤其是避免引起土壤退化具有重要意义。本研究选用有产业化应用潜力的一年生作物能源高粱（甜高粱和生物质高粱）和多年生能源作物柳枝稷，在半干旱地区沙荒地有代表性的边际地上进行试验。通过分析土壤水分、容重、团聚体、有机碳、全氮、微生物生物量碳、氮、硝态氮、铵态氮、有效磷、速效钾含量的变化，揭示能源高粱和柳枝稷种植对土壤碳封存和养分的影响机理，比较多年生和一年生作物对土壤养分的影响。回答能源作物种植对边际性土地生态是否有正效应的科学问题；进而以生物量和生物质能产量以及土壤有机碳和养分为指标，确定能源高和粱柳枝稷生产的土壤养分补偿机制，为能源作物在半干旱沙荒地可持续生产提供理论依据和技术决策参考。

中文关键词： 能源作物；土壤生态；土壤碳封存；氮肥；土壤养分

英文摘要： Deep insight into the effects of nonfood energy crop culture on marginal land soils is essential to produce biomass feedstock sustainably while the soils will not be degraded. This study aims at exploring the effects of annual energy sorghum (sweet sorghum and biomass sorghum) and perennial switchgrass plantation on soil nutrient cycling in a sandy wasteland at a semiarid region. The parameters of soil moisture, bulk density, organic carbon, soil aggregation, microbial biomass carbon,and nitrogen, total nitrogen, nitrate nitrogen, ammonia nitrogen, available phosphorus and potassium, etc. will be measured to explore the carbon sequestration and nutrient cycling in soils planted with the two energy crops. The effects on soil nutrients will be compared between the perennial and annual crops, in order to answer the question whether the culture of energy crop culture may have a positive effect on soil ecology on abondoned marginal lands. Afterwards, a fertilization experiment will be designed and conducted for nutrient compensation in the agro-ecosystem according to the results of nutrient cycling experiments. The findings will improve sustainable production of energy sorghum and switchgrass on the marginal lands.

英文关键词： Energy crop;Soil ecology;Soil carbon sequestration;Nitrogen fertilizer;Soil nutrient