基于环形铣刀切削的复杂曲面五轴精密加工关键技术及理论研究

项目名称： 基于环形铣刀切削的复杂曲面五轴精密加工关键技术及理论研究

项目编号： No.51475317

项目类型： 面上项目

立项/批准年度： 2015

项目学科： 机械、仪表工业

项目作者： 杜娟

作者单位： 太原科技大学

项目金额： 80万元

中文摘要： 如何实现复杂曲面多轴精密加工已成为当前数控技术领域迫切需要解决的课题。目前，有关精密加工的研究大都针对球头铣刀，而非球头铣刀的多轴加工还未形成成熟的理论和技术体系。环形铣刀作为典型非球头铣刀，具有加工效率高，加工质量好等优点，在复杂曲面多轴加工中有很好的应用前景。为此，本课题拟对基于环形铣刀切削的复杂曲面精密五轴加工关键技术和理论进行系统深入的研究，内容包括切削几何建模、切削力预测、工艺系统动态分析、基于切削力集成的刀具路径优化设计、刀具与工件干涉碰撞检测等技术。课题首次将自适应采样距离场ADFs技术引入到几何建模和干涉碰撞检测中，相比于传统技术，该技术具有消耗内存小、计算速度快等优点。本项目将填补非球头铣刀加工的研究空白，为未来设计-测量-加工一体化提供核心理论和关键技术，对研制我国拥有自主知识产权的精密多轴高速数控机床及提升我国装备制造业的自主创新能力具有重要现实意义。

中文关键词： 复杂曲面；误差补偿；五轴加工；动态特性；优化设计

英文摘要： How to realize multi-axis efficient precision CNC machining of complex surface parts has become the current urgent need to study the subject in the field of CNC technology. A great deal of research has been conducted to ball-end milling cutter,while little interests on toroid-end cutter. Duo to the unique advantages,such as high machining effciency,high machining quality, being suitable for five-axis machining of complex surface, the toroid-end cutter has already become an impotant cutter in multi-axis machining.In this paper, the key techniques and theories for five-axis high precision machining of complex surface with a toroid-end cutter will be studied.A new method - adaptively sampled distance fields will be used to calculate cutter workpiece engagement and detect whether there is a collision between the cutter and workpiece. In addition, prediction of cutting force and analysis of dynamic behaviour for five-axis machining of complex surface, and planning of tool path based on integrated cutting force model, etc. will be investigated in this paper.This study will provide the core theory and key technology for integration of design, measuring and machining, and It has a great significance to develop precision multi-axis high-speed machining CNC machine tools of china and to enhance innovative design level of China's equipment manufacturing industry.

英文关键词： complex surface;error compensation;five-axis machining;dynamic behaviour;optimal design