土壤电动力修复中柠檬酸工业废水对重金属的原位协同强化去除及机理研究

项目名称： 土壤电动力修复中柠檬酸工业废水对重金属的原位协同强化去除及机理研究

项目编号： No.41201303

项目类型： 青年科学基金项目

立项/批准年度： 2013

项目学科： 地理学

项目作者： 顾莹莹

作者单位： 中国石油大学（华东）

项目金额： 25万元

中文摘要： 土壤重金属污染已成为我国目前亟待解决的环境问题之一。电动力法是一种极具发展潜力的土壤原位修复技术，但在实际修复中单凭电极反应难以形成较低的pH环境，重金属在土壤中的低移动性成为电动力修复的一大瓶颈。针对这一问题，本项目提出利用经预处理的柠檬酸工业废水作为增效剂，在正常土壤pH范围内通过络合/螯合、离子交换、缓冲/中和等作用协同强化重金属的去除，达到"以污治废"的目的。主要研究内容包括：在确定柠檬酸废水中有效组分的基础上，探索各组分对重金属的协同强化去除机理和动力学；建立重金属解吸附动力学模型、物理吸附模型和化学络合模型；采用自制二维电动力装置模拟实际修复过程，阐明柠檬酸废水对电渗析流、气体产生、电流、电压分布等参数的影响及对电极反应的缓冲/中和效果，探索重金属在不均匀电场中的二维迁移转化和强化去除机制，优化废水强化电动力修复的运行条件，为解决土壤电动力修复的关键问题提供理论依据和技术支持。

中文关键词： 电动力修复；柠檬酸废水；土壤；迁移转化；重金属

英文摘要： Heavy metal pollution of soil is one of the environmental problems in China that need urgent resolution. Electrokinetic remediation is a very promising in-situ soil remediation technology. However, it is practically very difficult to reach a low soil pH environment by electrolysis alone during electrokinetic remediation process. The low mobility of heavy metals in soil has become the bottleneck of electrokientic remediation. To solve this problem, citric acid industrial wastewater after pretreatment is proposed as the enhancement agent in this project to enhance heavy metal extraction from soil through the combination of complexation/chelation, ion exchange, and buffering/neutralization etc. in the normal soil pH range, so as to achieve the purpose of so called "waste treatment by waste". The main research contents include: identification of the components in the citric acid industrial wastewater that are effective in enhancing heavy metal removal; determination of the synergistic reactions mechanisms and kinetics of enhanced heavy metal removal using different components of the wastewater; establishment of kinetic models of heavy metal desorption, physical models of heavy metal sorption, and chemical models of surface complexation; performance of bench-scale electrokinetic remediation experiments using a self-m

英文关键词： electrokinetic remediation；citric acid industrial wastewater；soil；migration and transformation；heavy metal