我国角形虫科黏体动物系统地理学及其与宿主的协同进化

项目名称： 我国角形虫科黏体动物系统地理学及其与宿主的协同进化

项目编号： No.31501845

项目类型： 青年科学基金项目

立项/批准年度： 2016

项目学科： 生物科学

项目作者： 杨承忠

作者单位： 重庆师范大学

项目金额： 20万元

中文摘要： 粘孢子虫是国际上公认的分类难度较大的动物类群之一，其分类学已有近200年的历史，这类动物的分类大多基于成熟孢子的形态特征。然而基于形态特征的粘孢子虫分类并不能解决所有种类的分类学问题，一些类群的分类地位一直处于较模糊的状态。同时，某些类群形态学上规定的鉴定界限在后来的研究中也显示出极大的局限性。迄今，虽然分子系统学的运用很大程度上促进了这类动物的分类学发展，但仍有很多类群的分类地位处于悬而未决的状态。弄清粘孢子虫的演化方式是解决其分类学问题的关键。本项目在前期研究的基础上，以角形虫为模式材料，从寄生虫与宿主的遗传进化关系的角度来研究粘孢子虫物种的形成和分化机制。同时，本项目将对我国海洋角形虫现有分布格局形成的原因以及角形虫的迁移和扩散的分子机制进行研究。这不仅有助于粘孢子虫分类学问题的解决，也为粘孢子虫生活史的研究和鱼类粘孢子虫病的防治途径的探索提供理论基础。

中文关键词： 黏体动物；分类学；系统地理学；分子系统学；协同进化

英文摘要： Myxosporean, whose taxonomic history is nearly two hundred years, is one of the most troublesome group of animals to classify. Most species identification of Myxosporean are based on morphological traits of their mature spores. However, this can not solve all of their classification problems completely, and taxonomic status of some species remain uncertain. Moreover, some morphological boundaries which were used to classify species have been proved to be problematic. Nowadays, the application of molecular phylogeny method on Myxosporean classification has solved many taxonomic problems. Nevertheless, even so, the taxonomic problems are not solved once for all. To clarify the evolution rules of Myxosporean is key to its classification. Based on our previous works, in this project, we use Ceratomyxidae as a mode to study the mechanism of speciation and differentiation in Myxosporean with the viewpoint of genetic evolution between parasites and their hosts. In this project, we also investigate the reasons for distribution pattern of Ceratomyxidae in China as well as the molecular mechanism of their migration and spread. The project will not only contribute to resolution of taxonomic problems of Myxosporean, but also provide clues and references on their life history study and myxosporidiasis ecological control.

英文关键词： Myxozoa;Taxonomy;Phylogeography;Molecular phylogeny;Coevolution