旱地双垄沟播春玉米氮代谢及其高效利用调控机制研究

项目名称： 旱地双垄沟播春玉米氮代谢及其高效利用调控机制研究

项目编号： No.31460331

项目类型： 地区科学基金项目

立项/批准年度： 2015

项目学科： 食品科学、农学基础与作物学

项目作者： 高玉红

作者单位： 甘肃农业大学

项目金额： 46万元

中文摘要： 旱地全膜双垄沟播技术能够有效调控土壤水、肥、热，但该技术下肥料的利用效率仍低而不稳，对土壤水、肥、热协同调控的机制研究尚未深入。因此，明确氮代谢的生理及分子机制，探明全膜双垄沟播技术下土壤水、肥、热效应，是有效提高肥料利用效率的重要途径。本项目以春玉米为试材，将研究：（1）全膜双垄沟播玉米氮代谢的关键生育时期、代谢器官和酶；（2）不同栽培方式下玉米氮代谢关键酶及其基因表达，氮素吸收、同化及转运，土壤温度及水分动态变化；（3）影响玉米氮代谢及其高效利用的外源氮素形态及施用水平；（4）氮代谢关键酶及其基因表达与氮素水平、形态配比及其利用效率的相关关系。旨在阐明旱地双垄沟播春玉米氮代谢及其高效利用的调控机制。项目成果将对氮代谢理论的深入研究，推动干旱半干旱地区春玉米高产高效提供理论依据。

中文关键词： 双垄沟播；春玉米；氮代谢；氮素利用率；调控机制

英文摘要： The technique of double ridges and planting in furrows effectively regulates water, fertilizer and calories of soil, but the fertilizer use efficiency is low and instability, the metabolism of triple coordinated regulation was not well understood. Therefore, in order to improve the fertilizer use efficiency, we will clear the physiological and molecular mechanism of nitrogen metabolism, and investigate the water, fertilizer and calories of soil effects with the technique of full film mulching on double ridges and planting in furrows. The research material is the spring corn. We will study (1) the key enzyme of nitrogen metabolism in major organ during growth and development stage with double ridges cultivation techniques, (2) gene expression of the key enzyme of nitrogen metabolism in major organ during growth and development stage with different cultivation techniques, (3) the extraneous nitrogen forms and levels to effect the nitrogen metabolism and utilization ratio, (4) the correlated relationship between the key enzyme activities, gene expression of nitrogen metabolism and the nitrogen levels, nitrogen forms and utilization effectiveness. We will illuminate the mechanism about the nitrogen metabolism and efficient utilization for the double ridges and planting in furrows of maize. Through the intensive theoretical study on the nitrogen metabolism, the project can provide the useful theoretical basis on the high production of the spring corn in arid and semi-arid regions.

英文关键词： Double ridges and planting in furrows;Spring corn;Nitrogen metabolism;Nitrogen use efficiency;Regulation mechanism